Investigation And Arrangement Of Empirical Prescriptions Of Prestigious TCM Doctors In Guangzhou

PurposesGuangzhou is the central city of Lingnan region. The experience of prestigious TCM doctors is both from the academic system and long struggling with the disease. The local prestigious TCM doctors make an ineffaceable contribution to Guangzhou people's reproduction and living, during which the prestigious TCM doctors formed the empirical prescriptions as carrier of their experience and academic ideology. The aim and significance of the thesis are saving and inheriting prestigious TCM doctors'experience and academic ideology, studying and developing the advance and uniqueness of local medicine.MethodsThis thesis focuses on top-level design. The first is the conceptualization of "prestigious TCM doctors" and "empirical prescriptions". In this thesis, "senior prestigious TCM doctors" and "prestigious TCM doctors" are according to the official title. By the preliminary statistics, the sum of prestigious TCM doctors is 177, including the "prestigious TCM doctors" titled by province and city governments before 1979, three passels of "senior TCM experts " titled by the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Personnel and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, two passels of "prestigious TCM doctors" titled by Guangdong province government after 1991. "Empirical prescriptions" are the prescriptions, of which the effects have been proved clinical practice. These prescriptions were the essences of experience and ideology, which formed in the long-time clinical practice of prestigious TCM doctors. Different from the folk prescriptions and ancient prescriptions, empirical prescriptions has solid theoretical foundation, value and expectation of application.Collecting by official documents:The conceptualization of "prestigious TCM doctors" and "empirical prescriptions" make official administrations can collect empirical prescriptions by official documents. Based on the organization and coordination of official administrations, through related hospitals and school, the author sent the official documents to prestigious TCM doctors or their relatives. This method can ensure the reliability of information, which was the main method in this thesis.Collecting by interview and survey:Official documents collection has its limitation, therefore interview and survey must be applied as a supplement. The interview and survey come from prestigious TCM doctors or their relatives and disciples. The methods include discussion, interview, video recording and information search, which mainly aims at reflecting prestigious TCM doctors' experience by empirical prescriptions.Exploratory collection:This method has mainly been used the prestigious TCM doctors titled before 1978, whose empirical prescriptions can not be collected by official documents. This part of the prestigious TCM doctors in the most difficult to obtain prescription solicitation documents. Therefore, the need to collect data based approach to explore their experience. This part of prestigious TCM doctors of the information in the Document Center and Sun Yat-sen Hospital archives, medical record room, hospital and other Historical collection. Collection includes chronology, cultural, medical case, medical case, prescription, administration law. This law seeks to reflect the adoption of a comprehensive academic experience famous doctor.Classify method:This method is mainly for prescription documentation in accordance with the discipline to organize and classify disease, and prescription and remove some of your lack of a reasonable person to grasp. The investigation and study, the collected data reflect the academic experience famous doctor mainly compiled by prestigious TCM doctors handouts, lectures, monographs. This part of the prescription information was largely retained.Statistical analysis:Statistical analysis of prescription drug use spss13.0 data management. Oral on the selection of 709 prescription drug information to 0,1 for the code entry computer. Using frequency analysis, cluster analysis, information extraction drugs. This method, including medical evidence, and common diseases of various systems frequently-occurring disease agents statistical analysis.Recipe Review of method. The composition of the prestigious TCM doctors prescription, prescription of academic origin, the theoretical basis for prescription, prescription and use of experience as a brief review and analysis. Comment by prescription name of the Guangzhou TCM theories were concise, and summarize the academic experience of famous doctors and Clinical Features.The thesis was formed on the basis of application of the above methods.ResultsThe thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is the overview of investigation and arrangement of effective prescriptions from prestigious TCM doctors. This part collected and sorted related data of 134 prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou.88 of them have the data about their empirical prescriptions. As follows:①"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou University of TCM" contained 14 prestigious TCM doctors and 237 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Liu Chi-xuan (10 prescriptions), Deng Tie-tao (79 prescriptions), Zhao Si-jing (76 prescriptions), Shen Yan-nam (26 prescriptions), He Zhulin (20 prescriptions), Guan Ru-yao (3 prescriptions), Lin Jiande (3 prescriptions), Zhong Yaokui (9 prescriptions), Tao Baosun(6 prescriptions), Zhou Zirong (2 prescriptions), Li Zhongshou (1 prescriptions), Liu Qingsi (1 prescriptions), Guan Ji min (1 prescriptions), Li Yaozhi (1 prescriptions).②"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM" contained 19 prestigious TCM doctors and 160 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Luo Yuankai (39 prescriptions), Liu Shichang (18.prescriptions), Huang Yaoshen (11 prescriptions), Yang Zhiren (20 prescriptions), Cai Rong (2 prescriptions), He Zhixiong (1 prescriptions), Li Bingnan (19 prescriptions), Wang Dejian(9 prescriptions), Zhou Daihan (8 prescriptions), Liu Yixuan (2 prescriptions), OuYang Huiqing (1 prescriptions), Xiong Manqi (1 prescriptions), Qiu Heming (2 prescriptions), Wang Shizhen(1 prescriptions), Chen Jifan(2 prescriptions), Chen Jinghe (3 prescriptions), Cui Xuejiao (1 prescriptions), Liu Guopu (1 prescriptions), Xu Xinmei (1 prescriptions).③"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM" contained 16 prestigious TCM doctors and 217 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Zhang Jieping (107 prescriptions), Wen Zi yuan (10 prescriptions), CenHeling (13 prescriptions), Zhen Mengchu (17 prescriptions), Liang Naijin (23 prescriptions), Lin Xiaquan (6 prescriptions), LiuMaocai (1 prescriptions), Yu Shaoyuan (6 prescriptions), Huang Chunlin (2 prescriptions), Liu Weisheng (8 prescriptions), Liang Bing(8 prescriptions), Li Liyun (4 prescriptions), Zhang Meifang (5 prescriptions), Deng Jinfeng (5 prescriptions), Xuan Guowei(2 prescriptions), Luo Xiaorong (2 prescriptions).④"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou city hospital of TCM" contained 9 prestigious TCM doctors and 34 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Wu Zhuoshen (6 prescriptions), Guo Meifeng (9 prescriptions), Ou Shaozhang (6 prescriptions), Luo Guangyin (3 prescriptions), Liu Huichun (1 prescriptions), Yang Ganqian (1 prescriptions), Liu Enqi (2 prescriptions), He Guangxian (2 prescriptions), Wu Weicheng (4 prescriptions).⑤"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital" contained 7 prestigious TCM doctors and 214 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Chen Zhiping(93 prescriptions), Li Yulin (13 prescriptions), Li Daying (1 prescriptions), Zhou Bokang (4 prescriptions), Huang Songbo (2 prescriptions), Lu Zongqiang (6 prescriptions), Qiu Zhinan (5 prescriptions).⑥"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Sun Yat-sen University" contained 6 prestigious TCM doctors and 38 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Huang Huowen(5 prescriptions), Luo Zhiqiang (17 prescriptions), Li Junbiao (3 prescriptions), DongYuelin (2 prescriptions), Pan Jingjiang (1 prescriptions), Huang Shengsan (10 prescriptions).⑦"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Guangdong Second Provincial Hospital of TCM" contained 4 prestigious TCM doctors and 40 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Qiu Jianxing (10 prescriptions), Lu Guimei (6 prescriptions), Zhong Yuchi (13 prescriptions), Hu Zhaoji (11 prescriptions).⑧"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Jinan University" contained 3 prestigious TCM doctors and 11 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Shen Yingsen(7 prescriptions), Cai Kong Bao (3 prescriptions), Tang Guojie(1 prescriptions).⑨"Investigation and research on prestigious TCM doctors in Liwan district hospital of TCM" contained 5 prestigious TCM doctors and 11 empirical prescriptions. Respectively, Guo Zhaoyi (5 prescriptions), Liang Tianzhao (2 prescriptions), Liang Tianzhao (1 prescriptions), Ou Jinpu (2 prescriptions), Du Weiwen (1 prescriptions).The thesis sorted out 884 empirical prescriptions, about which a 400 thousand word treatise, "The selected empirical prescriptions of prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou" was formed, (details of the book were recorded in appendix of thesis). In these 884 empirical prescriptions,709 prescriptions are for internal use,93 prescriptions are for external use,69 prescriptions are for dietetic therapy,13 prescriptions are hospital production. The internal use prescriptions refer to internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, paediatrics, focal illuminator, osteonosus and traumatism, seasonal febrile diseases,7 specialities,126 syndromes.444 internal prescriptions refer to 47 syndromes. For lung system,67 prescriptions refer to 9 syndromes; for heart system,38 prescriptions refer to 6 syndromes; for spleen-stomach system,67 prescriptions refer to 9 syndromes; for liver-gallbladder system,128 prescriptions refer to 10 syndromes; for kidneys system,47 prescriptions refer to 5 syndromes, for qi-blood-fluids system,59 prescriptions refer to 6 syndromes; for membra and meridians system,46 prescriptions refer to 5 syndromes. Prescriptions for surgery contain 49 prescriptions, refer to five kinds of diseases,19 syndromes.56 Gynecology prescriptions refer to five kinds of diseases,19 syndromes.52 paediatrics prescriptions refer to 15 syndromes.50 focal illuminator prescriptions refer to four kinds of diseases, 20 syndromes.17 osteonosus prescriptions refer to three kinds of syndromes. 43 seasonal febrile diseases prescriptions refer to three kinds of syndromes.The second part is the comments and analysis of the empirical prescriptions, which contains statistical analysis and academic comments. The results of the statistical analysis showed as follows:There are 553 drugs in 709 internal use prescriptions and 403 drugs are local herbal drugs. The medication of prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou focus on the methods of clearing heat, cooling blood and nourishing yin, using of herbal drugs and Five-zang syndromes differentiation.The analysis of medication for Five-zang syndromes showed as follows:①The treatments for lung syndromes mainly use the methods of relieving cough and reducing phlegm, assisted with releasing lung and relieving superficies, supplementing qi and nourishing yin, astringing blood, added with tonifying lung and nourishing kidneys in obstinate diseases.②The treatments for heat syndromes follow the rules of simultaneously application of purging-tonifying therapy and treating both superficiality and origin, take the combination of removing blood stasis, reducing phlegm, and nourishing qi-yin, mainly use the drugs of invigorating spleen, supplementing qi, nourishing yin, promoting blood flow and reducing phlegm.③The treatments for spleen-stomach syndromes usually treat both liver and stomach, mainly simultaneously use the methods of invigorating spleen to supplement qi and regulating qi to nourish yin, mainly use the drugs of regulating qi to alleviate pain, assisted with nourishing to produce body fluids.④The treatments for liver-gallbladder syndromes base on the nourishing yin of liver and kidneys and invigorating spleen to supplement qi, assisted with calming the liver and suppressing yang, clearing heat and drying dampness, mainly use the drugs of regulating liver and spleen.⑤The treatments for kidneys syndromes follow the rules of simultaneously application of purging-tonifying therapy and treating both superficiality and origin, base on invigorating spleen and tonifying kidneys, reducing fever to induce urination, assisted supplementing qi to promote blood flow, detoxicating and astringing blood. The characteristic is tonification involving purgation.There are some rules reflected in the prestigious TCM doctors'treatment for some common diseases.①The treatments for cough usually simultaneously use relieving cough, reducing phlegm and relieving asthma. The method of relieving cough is usually the combination of dispersing and descending. Reducing phlegm usually takes the methods of warmly dissipation, assisted with clearing heat.②The treatments for stomach-ache usually are dispersing the depressed liver-qi to regulate stomach, invigorating spleen and nourish spleen, simultaneously protecting qi and yin. The characteristics of prestigious TCM doctors are treating both liver and stomach, separately treating spleen and stomach, focusing on regulating qi and dieting therapy.③The treatments for abdominal mass follow the rules of strengthening healthy qi to eliminate pathogens and treating both superficiality and origin. The prestigious TCM doctors mainly use the combination of promoting blood flow to dredge meridians and supplementing yin to nourish blood.④Prestigious TCM doctors treat stranguria from the dampness abundance due to spleen deficiency and damp-heat gluing and blood stasis due to qi stagnancy, and use clearing heat and eliminating dampness, dispersing depressed liver-qi to regulate qi, clearing blood stasis and removing urinary calculus.⑤In the treatment of cancer, the prestigious TCM doctors treat symptoms by conteracting toxic and eliminating stasis, treat origin by nourishing yin and body fluids.⑥The prestigious TCM doctors'basic treatments for Bi syndrome are dispelling wind and dampness, nourishing liver and kidneys, they also be skilled in using vines, arthropods to eliminate wind and dredge meridians.ConclusionsThe thesis is the first time to investigate and arrange the empirical prescriptions of prestigious TCM doctors who were titled by Guangdong and Guangzhou government. The thesis sorted out 884 empirical prescriptions of 88 prestigious TCM doctors and formed "The selected empirical prescriptions of prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou". Above is the first innovation Although the selected prescriptions did not reflect the prestigious TCM doctors'experience from every aspect, they did reflect the uniqueness of clinical practice of prestigious TCM doctors in Guangdong, such as effective differentiation between cold attack diseases and seasonal febrile disease, attention to the hot and humid climate in Lingnan region, using local herbal medicine for qi-yin-deficiency constitution of local people, medication rules of removing heat to cool blood and detoxicate, invigorating spleen to remove phlegm, supplementing qi and nourish yin to nourish kidneys, simultaneously treatment for liver-heart-lung, regulating qi and blood to dredge meridians, simultaneously application of purging-tonifying therapy. The empirical prescriptions make a indelible contribute to the health care of Guangzhou people.The second innovation is commenting and statistically analysing the internal prescriptions on the basis of Five-zang syndromes differentiation. The results showed that prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou focus on Five-zang syndromes differentiation and have obvious characteristics of clinical diagnosis and treatment. The empirical prescriptions of prestigious TCM doctors have inheritability, regional characteristic, practicability, compatibility and innovation.This research is a difficult work, pat of which is still unfinished. The follow-up deeper study aims at sorting empirical prescriptions of prestigious TCM doctors in Guangzhou from wilder scope on the basis of finished study. The future work will focus on analyzing the data by mathematics analysis tool, which aims at discovering the correlation between diseases and drugs, diseases and Zang-fu organs, and finding the generality and speciality among treatments. This work will provide a basis for the promotion and development of empirical prescriptions of prestigious TCM doctors and explore their economic benefits and social benefits.