Research On Water Traffic Safety Supervision And Emergency Response For Three Gorges Reservoir Area

When the Three Gorges began to impound, the river was wider and the flow was slower, for the improving of the environment of ship, the shipping had getting a rapid growth. At the same time, some new factors which were harmful for the navigation were appeared, too, like on the river, the day of fog got more, the wind and wave got stronger, and the point of ship's route in the branch got more. The traffic of accident on the water was more severe social influence and higher difficulty of rescue than other emergency incident. Once the accident has happened, search and rescue were the most important, immediate and fundamental supporting measure for saving the lives and reduce the loss, but in the reservoir area, search and rescue were so difficult that the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident in the reservoir area were required more complete, it is significant for the research of the method of safety management and emergency.Firstly, in the reservoir area, aimed at the risk of the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident, the safety of management and the situation of rescue were analyzed for the defects now. For analysis different water level's impact for the ship, about7km in the Chaotianmen segment of the backwater change area was selected for the simulation of waterway's change in different water level using the computer. With the method of distinguish the factor of the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident in the reservoir area, it was considered that safety situation, meteorological disaster, low water, flood, geological disaster and ship's order were the most6important factors for the traffic safety on the water. On the base of this method, a three-stage system was built for the risk assessment of the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident in the reservoir area by using four elements: the environment, the equipment, the crew and the organizational management, thereby, the model of the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident in the reservoir area was built.Secondly, aimed at the mode of the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident in the reservoir area, a new mode "4R"(risk, rule, resource, and response) on the basis of risk management was putted forward. After expounding the complexity of the transportation system on the water in the reservoir area, the connotation, the model, the building method and the work process were produced systematically.Thirdly, the decision support of the emergency in the Three Gorges reservoir area was researched. The constructing of digitized emergency plan of the safety on the water was research by the standardization of the plan and the digitizing of the storage. After analyzing the process of emergency, the decision model including the automation of making the rescue decision, the method of rescue in the heavy weather and rescue oneself. And the digitized method, which was about the traffic of supervise and the emergency of accident, was built. Then, aimed at the system of decision support of emergency, the key software and technology was analyzed, consisting of the Geographic Information System, the Electronic Chart Display Platform, the unstructured data processing technique, the intelligent searching and matching method technique. On the basis of above, the demand obtaining functionality and un-functionality of the system was analyzed and designed, the framework was insisted of base data acquisition, accident and disposing data acquisition, the platform of database, the decision support of emergency, the modules, data structure and database were designed. Finally, using the preliminary design of system, structure design of data and the detailed design of system, this system has been developed and implemented.Lastly, about the method of allocation of the management and emergency resource, the current situation of resource was analyzed in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and the efficiency of the resource was evaluated, to solve the problem, the demand of resource was get, and the resource station was optimized. Finally, the scheme of resource allocation of management and emergency was made from human resource, material resource and information resource in the Three Gorges reservoir area.