Research On The Allocation Patterns Of Water Resource As Viewed From Public Management

Water is the indispensable natural resource for the human survival and economy development of our society. With the rapid economic development of our country, the contradiction between the supply and the demand of the water resource is more and more striking. It has become an obstacle for the persistent economy development of China. Therefore, how to strengthen the management of water resource and how to establish a reasonable allocation pattern of water resource is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.Given the situation stated above, the author expects to get some new ideas and thoughts on this topic through literature review, theory analysis and case study.As viewed from public management, the paper analyses the intrinsic feature of water resource and water resource management. considering the influence of natural and social factors, water resource is defined: the generalized water resource is the water of every form in nature, that is water environment. The specialized water resource is the water in water environment that can be used directly in the human social activities. It is also an entity of quantity and quality under natural and social conditions.in this study we consider the water resource management as providing water services to public organizations. Therefore, the key to the problem is how to use water resource reasonably under the natural and social conditions.Based on the patterns of water resource allocation by the government and by the market, in this paper, we conducted analysis using related theories of public management and proposed a simulating market mode for water allocation. With this mode, the government establishes and continuously improves the public decision-making system of the water resources and then constructs the trading framework of the market mechanisms according to the local law of the water resource, regional economic development level, and the public policies. With the help of the market mechanism regulation, the efficiency can be improved. The essence of this mode is the effective combination of the market policies and government decisions. The market policies can correct government failures and the governmental decisions can help with market malfunctions.Two cases were studied. First, with the example that the governments of Su-Xi-Chang Region forbid groundwater mining, the author analyses the function of the public decision-making system. It shows the major function of public policy in simulation market. Second, taking the tap water price system in our country as an example, we discusses the key function of the tap water price in simulation market and studied the reform plan for the tap water price according the demanding of the simulation market.