The Protection And Use Of The Altar Gardens Of Ming And Qing Dynasty In Beijing

The altar gardens is a regional environment which is constituted by the elements such as buildings,plants,roads,small-scale gardening,originated from China's Zhou Dynasty.Beijing altar gardens is a special type in Beijing Royal garden.It's a place where the worship of the nature gods and ceremonies for the emperor of Ming and Qing Dynasty.It's not only a reflection of our culture connotation of worship,but also a shining light of the everlasting Chinese traditional culture and the Courtesy of civilization.The most important is that the Beijing altar Gardens is rare Material wealth and Spiritual wealth of the World Heritage.Beijing altar Gardens of Ming and Qing Dynasty has high Value of the times and research,because of it's the unique cultural heritage in Beijing and China as well as the integrated case for making research on Chinese ancient altar culture.Nowadays,the renovations and restorations of the Beijing altar gardens of Ming and Qing Dynasty is becoming a new developmental stage,these would not only benefit the protection and use of the Beijing altar gardens,but also create a new social value.In histories, researches have been carded out in the angle of historic development and use of the cultural relics, however,few people focus on the its model system and layout in the angle of whole altar garden. Based on the view of landscape architecture,this paper researches and explores the architecture and layout of the Beijing altar gardens,as well as landscape feature.It's an important supplement to the altar gardens system.Based on a lot of data analysis and summarizing,the author explores seven different Beijing altar gardens.To support the final results,the author uses on-site measurement,photography and interview,etc.as her research methods.The emphases in this paper are the altar gardens in Ming and Qing Dynasty To begin with, the paper builds up a platform,on which the developments,origin and distributions of the Beijing altar gardens.Then,the paper researches the spatial elements in landscape architecture,the elements are:water-landform environment,architectural layout and planting.Besides,it researches the Beijing altar gardens pavement and cultural landscape,selection of the location in Ming and Qing Dynasty,architectural model system and spatial layout;planting design.At last, referring to the protection and use of Beijing altar gardens,the paper proposes several suggestions concerning these areas.Finally,this research proposes the results as follows:The selection of Beijing altar gardens' location is influenced by Chinese traditional culture as well as Ritual and Ceremonious concept of Chinese feudal system;the value of its architecture rest with its function,naming system and integrated cultural meaning;The pattern and class are consistent with the architectural space,and the patterns of the paved path in the altar gardens is based on ritual and ceremonious.The courtyard planting is to create the solemn atmosphere which bears various cultural meanings.Based on the research of the Ming and Qing altar gardens, I proposed:Beijing altar gardens of Ming and Qing Dynasty have a huge of historical value;In modern times,the protection should begin with the angle of "integrity protection";establish the policies laws and system about the altar gardens protection;based on the protection measure which is restoring of historical original in completely or partially,to build the mode of operation and management "park add museum" about the Beijing altar gardens.