| ObjectivesThis study investigated the nursing practice at blood station focusing on professional nurses' roles,responsibilities,work tasks,job behaviors and their influencing factors,contributing to the continuous development for nurses and nursing practice at blood station.MethodsThis study used a mixed-method design.Firstly,eight eligible professional nurses working at blood station were approached over time for the audio-recorded interview using the pre-designed guide with their informed consent.Field notes were taken during the interview to document important description immediately perceived.Seventy-four professional nurses working at the provincial-and municipal-level blood center were recruited to answer the pre-developed questionnaire about professional nurses' roles,job responsibilities and influencing factors at blood station.Interview transcripts and corresponding field notes were analyzed using the 7-step phenomenological method to extract,inducted and summarized elements constituting professional nurses' roles and job behaviors at blood station as described and anticipated.SPSS 17.0 and Microsoft Excel were used to carry out descriptive and frequency analysis of numeric data.The mean and standard deviation(x ± s)was to describe the frequency of job behaviors performed by professional nurses at blood station and their influence factors.The higher the mean score,the more frequent the performed behavior,or the stronger the influence exerted by relevant factors.ResultsEight interviewed nurses aged from 24 to 55(x ± s,35.25±4.72)years old.Most of them had bachelor's degree and reached the professional rank of Attending Nurse.They have been working in nursing at blood station for two to twenty(8.6±2.74)years.The analysis of interview transcripts showed that professional nurses' roles and responsibilities could cover six categories,i.e.recruiter using propaganda,health counselor,blood collector,observational processor,coordinator using communication,and research instructor.Nursing behaviors were comprehensive and linked to all aspects of blood-taking out of station,including donor counseling and recruitment,primary blood test,blood taking,donor data entering,souvenir distribution,donor psychosocial support and blood transfer to other relevant units at blood station.All 74 survey participating nurses were female who aged of 20 to 55 years(29.4±3.2).About one third(33.7%,25/74)aged from 26 to 30 years old;the majority had the bachelor degree(65%,48/74),while nearly half(47.29%,34/74)were at the lowest professional.Over three quarters were married(75.67%,56/74),and over to fifths had one or more children(67.56%,50/74).Fifty-five nursing behaviors were rated suggesting the wide range of professional nurses' work under six categories of their roles and responsibilities.Blood taking was the most highly rated nursing behavior,scored from 3.15 to 3.91;in contrast nursing behaviors associated with research instructor were the lowest rated ranging from 2.97 to 3.35.It was also found that these nursing behaviors were mostly influenced by occupation and psychological factors such as 'less time to accompany family member','too much stress and too much working time',and 'boring blood-taking working model',though physical,environmental,organizational and social factors contributed a bit.ConclusionWith the continuous development of blood collection and supply,nurses' roles at blood station changed from pure blood collector in the past to a professional nursing worker with multiple roles and responsibilities with overlaps.Professional nurses'behaviors had been expanded to all aspects of blood taking out of station,and influenced by many factors,especially occupational and psychological factors.It is necessary to strengthen nursing management at blood stations and facilitate the development of professional nurses to satisfy stakeholders'(i.e.blood donors,blood users and organizations,blood stations and the government)expectation and meet the need for sustainable development. |
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