Isothiocyanate Enrichment Regulation Technology In Mustard Sprouts And Development Of Chewable Tablets

Mustard(Brassica juncea(L.))is a special vegetable in China.Its content of glucosinolates is very rich.The content of glucosinolates in seed were increased after germination in sprout.The endogenous myrosinase was also activated,so the isothiocyanates(Isothiocyanates,ITCs)which can anti cancer was enriched.In this study,Brassica juncea seeds and sprouts were used as materials to screen the cultivar which suitable for enrichment and optimize its germination process.Through ZnSO4 stress and its joint with CaCl2 to improve ITCs content in sprouts,and develop a chewable tablet product of mustard sprout powder.The main research results are as follows:1.Germinating four kinds of mustard seeds at 30? and 16 h light/8 h dark for 4 days,Zheyou juicer growed better,and the activity of myrosinase was better than other cultivars(p<0.05),the MDA level was the lowest,ITCs content was higher.Zheyou juicer can be used as enrichment of ITCs mustard cultivar.Germination time,light time and germination temperature had significant effect on the content of ITCs in mustard sprout(p<0.01).The order of influence on the content of ITCs is:germination time>light time>germination temperature.The best germination condition of mustard was obtained at 30.7? for 4.8 days and 17.4 h per day and its content of ITCs was 72.19 mg/l00g FW.2.Spraying ZnSO4 in the process of leaf mustard sprouting,the growth of mustard sprout was inhibited to a certain extent.Cell membranes was damaged and the main manifestations were the increase of malondialdehyde and soluble sugar content.Under ZnSO4 treatment for 4 days,the content of glucosinolates in mustard was significantly higher than the contrast,and the activity of myrosinase was not significantly different with the contrast(p>0.05).Therefore the production of ITCs and AITC were higher than the contrast.3.Exgenous Ca2+ mitigated the stress condition of mustard sprouts caused by ZnSO4 application.The results showed that both sprout length and fresh weight increased,and the content of malondialdehyde decreased.Resistance to stress is enhanced.Compared with ZnSO4 treatment,ZnSO4 plus CaCl2 treatment significantly reduced the content of glucosinolates in 4 d mustard sprout(p<0.05),and the activity of the myrosinase had no significant change(p>0.05).Glucosinolates were used to generate ITCs and the ITCs in the sprouts were enriched.The order of influence on the content of ITCs is:ZnSO4 concentration>germination time>CaCl2 concentration.The best germination condition of mustard was:ZnSO4 concentration was 8 mmol/L,CaCl2 concentration was 1.5 mmol/L and germination time was 5 d.Under this condition,ITCs content was 160.88 mg/100g FW.4.The freeze-dried powder of mustard sprouts was used as raw material to optimize the wet granulation process.The content of ITCs was the highest when 75%food grade ethanol was used and dried at 55? for 60 min.The optimal formula of the mustard sprout powder which optimized by orthogonal test was 30%mustard tender powder,20%xylitol,0.4%citric acid,15%maltodextrin,0.5%magnesium stearate,milk powder 34.1%.According to this formula,the quality indexes of mustard seedling powder chewable tablets are in line with national standards.It is rich of nutrient and the content of ITCs is 0.25 g/100g DW.