Evaluation Of Industrial Competitiveness Of Cross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Area From The Perspective Of Ecological Niche

With the rapid development of the Internet economy and e-commerce,cross-border e-commerce has become an emerging cross-border trade model,and the introduction of "Internet + foreign trade" has provided strong support for the development of foreign trade,effectively optimizing the allocation of resources and promoting the rapid growth of trade business in various countries and regions.In2015,China’s first comprehensive pilot zone for cross-border e-commerce was established in Hangzhou,followed by 12 cities such as Ningbo,Zhengzhou,Tianjin and Shanghai,and in 2018,in Beijing,Hohhot,Shenyang and Changchun to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce.Between 2015 and 2022,the number of comprehensive cross-border e-commerce pilot zones nationwide increased to 165,covering more than 30 provinces,autonomous regions and cities.In this paper,the industrial competitiveness of the cities where the first three batches of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones are located is measured from the perspective of ecological location through the Porter Diamond Model.Through an in-depth study of theories such as Porter’s diamond model and the actual situation of the development of cross-border e-commerce industry,this paper establishes a cross-border e-commerce industry competitiveness evaluation index system covering 17 specific indicators,based on the principles of objectivity,science and feasibility,and with reference to relevant literature,in order to better assess the competitiveness of the industry.Based on the evaluation index system of cross-border e-commerce industry competitiveness,this paper collected statistical data from 2012 to 2020 through public channels and applied the measurement formula of ecological niche-related theory to accurately evaluate the ecological niche width value and ecological niche overlap value of each city,and finally arrived at the comprehensive ecological niche score and ranking of each city.Based on the ecological niche measurement,SPSS statistical software was used to systematically cluster the 34 cities in the comprehensive cross-border e-commerce pilot zone to obtain their ecological niche characteristics and classify them into three categories in order to better understand the relationship among them.Through the clustering analysis,this paper delves into the characteristics of different types of cities and puts forward suggestions that can help the development of cross-border e-commerce business from the perspective of ecological niche in order to achieve better development results.