Study On The Impact Of Livelihood Capital On Farm Household Income Structure In Erhai Protected Area,Yunnan Province

The "clear waters and green mountains are invaluable assets " is an important element of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization,which profoundly clarifies that ecological environmental protection and economic development are dialectically unified and mutually reinforcing.In recent years,the conservation and management of the Erhai Sea has achieved positive results shifting from salvage management to conservation management.In the process of protecting the ecological environment of the Erhai Sea it is of great practical significance and value to study the influence of the livelihood capital of farmers in the Erhai Protected Area on the income structure of farmers in order to improve the livelihood capital of local farmers and broaden the avenues of income increase for farmers in the Erhai Protected Area.Based on the above background,this paper takes farmers in the Erhai Protected Area as the research subjects and is guided by the sustainable livelihood capital analysis framework and obtains 104 households’ research data based on the questionnaire of farmers in Erhai Protected Area in June 2022.The differences in the livelihood capital and income structure of farm households in the Erhai Protected Area were analyzed and the livelihood capital indices of each category were measured using extreme difference standardization and entropy weighting methods:(1)Among the five major livelihood capitals of the sample farm households,financial capital and social capital are the most abundant followed by natural capital,and human capital is relatively scarce.The main sources of income of farm households are non-farm income and wage income and business income is the secondary component of farm household income.(2)From the data compilation and analysis,the structural ratios of the sample farmers’ business income,wage income and non-farm income have some variability,among which the structural ratio of farmers’ income is 3:6:1 in Yongsheng village,2:7:1 in Gonghe village,1:2:7 in Dajianpan village,2:6:2 in Changyu village and1:6:3 in Qingshan village.(3)The empirical analysis shows that livelihood capital has a significant effect on the income structure of farm households financial capital social capital human capital and physical capital have positive and significant effects on farm households’ business income non-farm income and wage income while natural capital has a negative and significant effect on farm households’ business income and no significant effect on farm households’ non-farm income and wage income.Based on the results of the above study the following countermeasures are proposed: strengthen the construction of human capital financial capital and physical capital of farmers;develop ecological agriculture and explore the development model of "enterprise + cooperative + farmers";focus on the economic development of Erhai Protected Area develop special industries and further improve the economic development of Erhai Protected Area.