Multidimensional Relative Poverty Measurement And Dynamic Decomposition Of Migrant Workers

The problem of poverty is the sustainable development of human society,which is a major concern of the whole world.In 2020,China achieved a major victory in poverty alleviation,successfully eradicating absolute poverty that had plagued the world for thousands of years.After 2020,the focus of our work has gradually shifted to solving common relative problems.At the same time,considering the problem of rural poverty and urbanization,migrant workers,as surplus rural labor force,work in cities,but it is difficult to keep up with the urban population in the enjoyment of citizen policies,which increases the risk of poverty.Migrant workers have emerged as a poor group with a growing number,and their relative poverty problem is increasingly impossible to ignore.Therefore,timely attention to the relative poverty risk of migrant workers,analysis of their relative poverty status and the main causes of poverty,is conducive to early identification,for the prevention of poverty of migrant workers and social stability and development has important significance and practical value.Using the data of CFPS in 2014,2016,2018 and 2020,this thesis selects multidimensional relative poverty indicators from the four aspects of ability poverty,material poverty,rights poverty and spiritual poverty.The multidimensional poverty measurement method proposed by Alkire & Foster was adopted to measure the multidimensional relative poverty of migrant workers.At the same time,the Principal component analysis was used for weight assignment,the poverty situation was measured and the multidimensional poverty composite index was decomposed to analyze the main poverty-causing factors.Finally,the multidimensional poverty dynamic measurement method is used for dynamic transformation,to distinguish long-term poverty,and short-term poverty,to analyze the impact of different poverty indicators on short-term poverty and long-term poverty.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)the multidimensional relative poverty of migrant workers generally presents a downward trend year by year;(2)Education poverty is deeply rooted;(3)The living level and housing security of migrant workers in cities have a long way to go;(4)The working hours of migrant workers are difficult to be guaranteed;(5)The influence of social integration of migrant workers on relative poverty is increasingly prominent;(6)It is difficult to eradicate the long-term relative poverty of migrant workers;(7)Solving the problems of relatively low income and underground social status can alleviate short-term relative poverty,and alleviating long-term relative poverty requires continuous efforts in universal education,prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,improvement of living standards,improvement of contracts and five insurance protection,and integration into social organizations.Based on this,suggestions are put forward to alleviate multidimensional relative poverty of migrant workers in our country:(1)Standardize the internal governance mechanism of labor enterprises and protect the legal rights and interests of migrant workers;(2)Continue to increase investment in education and vocational skills;(3)Assist migrant workers to break the group closure and integrate into the urban development process;(4)Establish and improve the dynamic monitoring mechanism of migrant worker poverty.