Spatio-temporal Evolution And Influencing Factors Of Sdgs-oriented Sustainable Development Capacity

Sustainable development is an important issue in today’s human society.The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)provide a new roadmap and vane for global sustainable development,but against the backdrop of resource endowment constraints,economic transformation and upgrading,international environmental turmoil,and the COVID-19 pandemic,the three pillars of sustainable development-economic,social,and environmental-are all facing major shocks,and the degree of sustainable development varies across regions.-economy,society and environment are all facing major shocks,and there are differences in the degree of sustainable development across regions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the temporal and spatial variation law of sustainable development and subsystems based on the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),conduct comparative studies on the sustainable development capacity of different cities,and explore the regional differences and key driving factors of sustainable development and subsystems,so as to formulate and implement more targeted and effective policy measures.Therefore,taking Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper firstly constructs a set of localized sustainable development indicator systems integrating geospatial and statistical information from the three pillars of sustainable development(economic,social and environmental).On this basis,the entropy weight method,arithmetic average method,and coupling coordination degree model are applied to study the spatiotemporal processes of the sustainable development level,sustainable development subsystem and comprehensive level of sustainable development in Zhejiang Province and its cities from 2011 to 2020,revealing the evolution law of the spatio-temporal pattern of sustainable development in Zhejiang Province.Secondly,the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method and the kernel density estimation method are used to measure the relative and absolute differences in sustainable development in Zhejiang Province,and to clarify the geographical composition,sources of differences and dynamic evolution of regional sustainable development capacity differences in Zhejiang Province.Finally,based on the gray correlation analysis method,the influencing factors of sustainable development in Zhejiang Province and its cities are analyzed,and countermeasure suggestions for promoting regional sustainable development are proposed,in order to provide reference for formulating sustainable development strategies in Zhejiang Province and regional cities,and to provide reference for sustainable development research in other provinces or localities.The main research findings of this paper are as follows.(1)From 2011 to 2020,the sustainable development level and subsystem development level of Zhejiang Province and its cities show an overall fluctuating upward trend and have obvious spatial divergence characteristics.The sustainable development level gradually forms an inverted U-shaped distribution pattern of "high in the north-south and low in the middle",while the economic development level shows a distribution pattern of "high in the north and low in the south,high in the east and low in the west",while the social and environmental development levels show a distribution pattern of "high in the west and low in the east".(2)From 2011 to 2020,the degree of interaction among the three systems of economy,society,and environment in Zhejiang Province and its cities is generally high,and the degree of coupling coordination and the comprehensive level of sustainable development based on the degree of coupling coordination show a trend of fluctuation and growth.Among them,Hangzhou,Huzhou,Shaoxing,Wenzhou and Ningbo have a high sustainable development capacity and have achieved a more coordinated sustainable development.(3)From 2011 to 2020,the spatial differences in the comprehensive level of sustainable development in Zhejiang Province are not significant,and the differences mainly originate from inter-regional differences.The regional differences in the subsystem are economic>environmental>social,and the absolute differences in the comprehensive level of sustainable development and the level of economic and environmental sustainable development gradually increase,while the absolute differences in the level of social sustainable development gradually decrease.Therefore,in order to promote the spatial balance of sustainable development in Zhejiang Province,it is urgent to formulate and implement relevant policies and measures to reduce the regional differences in economic and environmental sustainable development.(4)By analyzing the influencing factors of the comprehensive level of sustainable development in Zhejiang Province,it can be seen that the social and environmental subsystems are more relevant than the economic subsystem,and the influencing factors of each subsystem in the provincial perspective are different from the municipal perspective: the freight volume,the number of health technicians per 1,000 people,and the proportion of environmental protection expenditure play an important role in the enhancement of sustainable development capacity in Zhejiang Province,while the proportion of tax revenue to fiscal revenue,the fiscal revenue to GDP ratio,and gas penetration rate are the key factors affecting the sustainable development capacity enhancement of each municipality,and accordingly,this paper propose countermeasure suggestions to promote sustainable development capacity enhancement in Zhejiang Province,such as optimizing and adjusting industrial structure and strengthening ecological environmental protection.