| At the end of 2020,China completed the historic task of eradicating poverty across the country,but the removal of poverty does not mean that the problem of poverty is over and forever end,relative poverty as an objective fact should still receive continuous attention from the government and academia.At present,we are at an important historical juncture towards the second Centennial Goals,and the Opinions of the State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Key Efforts to Comprehensively Promote Rural Revitalization in 2022 clearly states that we should "resolutely guard the bottom line of not returning to poverty on a large scale",which represents that China’s poverty reduction strategy and the focus of the "Agriculture,rural areas and farmers" are moving in the direction of preventing people from returning to poverty,solving the problem of relative poverty and implementing the rural revitalization strategy.The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,located in southwest China,combines the characteristics of frontier,mountainous,ethnic and old areas,and is the autonomous region with the largest number of rural poor people in China and one of the main battlefields of China’s poverty eradication efforts.The development of poverty-friendly industries represented by special breeding and rural tourism has laid a solid foundation for local farmers to get rid of poverty and increase their income,which is representative at the national level.The actual research found that some of the rural tourism sites in Guangxi’s poverty-removal areas are in the overlapping areas of rich tourism resources and fragile ecology,where problems such as environmental fragility,small-scale industries and weak foundations still exist,and some of the poverty-removal population’s poverty-removal achievements and sustainable livelihoods are not yet solid enough.This indicates that rural tourism development provides a large number of non-farm employment opportunities for farmers who have gotten rid of poverty in Guangxi,contributing to a significant increase in their livelihood fund,while also exposing them to uncertain economic retreat and the risk shock of "slide back into poverty" risk due to a combination of multiple factors such as natural disasters,market fluctuations,seasonality and their own lack of capacity.Therefore,in order to adapt to the reorientation of China’s poverty reduction strategy in the post-poverty era,and to give better play to the role of tourism as a driving force for the implementation of rural revitalisation in Guangxi,it is crucial to explore the factors that trigger the return of poverty among farmers who have escaped poverty and to maintain their livelihood stability.Based on the above background,this thesis takes the theories of precise poverty alleviation and sustainable livelihood as the main thread,the theory of multi-dimensional collaborative governance and participatory development theory as the basis,and the national policy documents on poverty alleviation along with rural revitalization,using a combination of literature research and field survey to sort out the current livelihood situation,sources the risks of sliding back into poverty and the level of livelihood capacity of farmers who have escaped poverty in rural tourism areas in Guangxi.Finally,the results of the above empirical analysis were used to construct a sustainable livelihood-based poverty return deterrent mechanism.The findings of the study show that: Firstly,start from the field research and previous research results,which determined the main sources of risks concerned about poverty returning are environmental risk,health risk,policy risk,market risk,consumption risk and employment risk.Using the ambiguous integrated evaluation method,the overall risk of returning to poverty was calculated to be at an "average" level,and the risk of returning to poverty for farmers with different livelihood strategies differed significantly.Secondly,by constructing a quantitative livelihood funds assessment system,it was found that the overall index of livelihood funds of the households that escaped from poverty in the study was 0.436,and there were large differences between the various categories of capital indices.There are also differences in the livelihood funds levels of different types of livelihood strategies.Among them,tourism-led households had the highest overall index of livelihood funds,while subsidydependent households had the lowest.Thirdly,based on the correlation analysis between the risk of sliding back into poverty and livelihood fund,it can be seen that livelihood fund has a significant negative impact on the risk of returning to poverty in general,and the impact of each sub-dimension of natural,appliance,labor,social and financial fund on the risk of returning to poverty varies as well,which is consistent with the on-site investigate.Fourthly,the key to building a sustainable livelihood-based poverty-return deterrent mechanism lies in clarifying the relationship between livelihood fund and the risk of sliding back into poverty.Establish an endogenous,multi-dimensional and preventive poverty-return deterrent mechanism realizing risk monitoring and early warning,income enhancement for farmers’ benefits,livelihood fund reconstruction and social protection,so as to help farmers who have gotten rid of poverty in deep-poverty areas to achieve sustainable,stable and high-quality development. |
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