Research On The Decision Optimization Of Power Purchase And Sale Strategies Of Electricity Retailers Considering Multi Type Demand Response

The new round of power system reform has liberalized the bilateral markets of power generation and power sales,which has effectively promoted the development of electricity retailers.As a medium connecting wholesale and retail,electricity retailers make reasonable decisions on power purchase schemes and form effective power sales schemes,which will help to alleviate the pressure of power system supply and demand balance and reduce the energy consumption cost on the user side.At the same time,due to the increasing awareness of users’demand response and the continuous improvement of demand response incentive mechanism,users are willing to actively adjust their power consumption mode to cooperate with the operation of power market,and their response behavior directly affects the power purchase and sales strategy of electricity retailers.Therefore,it is necessary to study how to design demand response mechanism to stimulate different types of users to adjust their controllable load to participate in multi type demand response projects.On this basis,it is necessary to build an optimization model of power purchase and sales decision-making of electricity retailers based on user response behavior.Firstly,this paper summarizes the relevant theories of demand response management and market transactions of electricity retailers;Secondly,according to the categories of industrial users,commercial users and residential users and the power load characteristic indexes of various users,this paper clusters out differentiated user-typical daily load curves,and construct two types of demand response models based on user classification.One is the TOU price model with the optimization goal of minimizing the peak valley difference and maximizing the user’s electricity expenditure and satisfaction with power consumption mode,The other one is to consider the interruptible load response model with uncertain user response behavior,and quantitatively analyze the change of load curve under the influence of two kinds of demand response,so as to guide users to actively participate in demand response and optimize their own power consumption behavior.Thirdly,from the perspective of electricity retailers,the actual power consumption of users is determined by considering the load transfer and interruptible load of users;On the power purchase side,it is considered to purchase power from the medium and long-term and spot markets to meet the power demand of users,and the power purchase strategy of multi-level market is determined by the user load forecast value and participation in demand response behavior.Based on the electricity sales and purchase model,according to the new market paradigm,highlighting the linkage consideration with users’ electricity consumption behavior,and aiming at maximizing the profits of electricity retailers and users’electricity utility,a multi-objective optimization model for electricity purchase and sale decision-making based on users’ demand response behavior is established.Finally,an example is given to verify the feasibility and rationality of the optimization model of power purchase and sales decision-making of electricity retailers.The results show that the differentiated electricity price mechanism is more conducive to promote users to participate in demand response.Compared with the unified electricity price mechanism,users’ satisfaction with power consumption is better,and the effect of peak shaving and valley filling is better;User interruptible load strategy can avoid the peak price risk faced by electricity retailers in real-time market transactions,so as to reduce the power purchase cost of electricity retailers;The power purchase and sale decision based on user transferable load optimization and interruptible load regulation is more in line with the development of the power market,effectively reduces the proportion of purchasing balanced power in the real-time market,and significantly saves the power purchase cost of electricity retailers.Therefore,the model proposed in this paper can guide users to rationally plan the power consumption plan and save the power consumption cost.At the same time,it can effectively reduce the power purchase cost of electricity retailers,and provide a win-win decision optimization scheme for electricity retailers and users.