Demand Response Strategies Of Users And Optimal Operation Models Of Electricity Retailers

The regulation ability of the demand side is believed to be capable for relieving the contradiction between power supply and demand,and enhancing the reliability and economy of the system.As the medium between users’ demand response resources and the electricity market,the electricity retailer should exploit the value of demand response resources as much as possible to get the regulation ability of the demand side reach its full potential in the electricity market.On the other side,the implementation effect of electricity retailers’ demand response programs is directly affected by users’ demand response strategies.Therefore,how users participate in the demand response program with their controllable loads and how electricity retailers operation optimally with users’ response behavior taken into consideration are important issues to be addressed.Given this background,some relevant preliminary studies have been carried out in this thesis and are summarized as follows:(1)A control strategy of commercial loads considering participation in demand response program.Commercial users’ cool storage air conditioning,electric vehicle and lighting equipment are chosen as the contronllable electric loads.The cool storage air conditioning electric load model based on temperature comfort control,electric vehicle charging load model and intelligent lighting system electric load model based on indoor lighting brightness control are first formulated.On this basis,with an objective of minimizing the electricity cost,the load control strategy of commercial loads considering participation in demand response program is proposed.A commercial office building is taken as an example to illustrate the essential characteristics of the proposed method,and its demand response performance and economic benefits are addressed as well.(2)An industrial users’ demand response decision optimization model considering the control of production equipment electric load.First,the composition of electric equipment for industrial users is analyzed.Then,electric load models of production equipment and temperature-controlled devices are developed based on the state task network and temperature comfort of the production environment respectively.On this basis,a load control strategy is proposed to minimize the total cost of electricity consumed by industrial users,and the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified with an example of an industrial user.(3)A household appliance control strategy for residential users considering participation in demand response program.First,the controllable electric loads of residential users are divided into two categories,the shiftable electric load and the adjustable electric load.Then,the shiftable electric load models of washing machine and dishwasher are respectively formulated basd on the operating characteristics,and the adjustable electric load models of the water storage type electric water heater and air conditioner are established.On this basis,the load control strategy for residential users’ participation in demand response is developed.Finally,a certain resident user is taken as an example to illustrate the basic characteristics of the developed method.(4)An optimal operation model of electricity retailers considering users’ demand response behavior.First,the operating mode of the electricity retailer is discussed and the operation risks of electricity purchasing and selling are analyzed.Then,based on the matrix of price elasticity of demand,the mathematical models of industrial,commercial and residential users’ responding to electricity price signals was established.On this basis,an optimization model with an objective of maximizing the operating profit of the electricity retailer is developed.Finally,taking an electricity retailer with the mentioned three kinds of users as an example,the basic characteristics of the developed model are described and the economic benefits of the electricity retailer and users are analyzed.Finally,the research work is summarized and future research prospects in this field are pointed out.