| China’s relative poverty problem is an important research problem,which itself is an ancient economic research problem,has scientific research value,and is of great significance to China’s realization of a modern power and the second centennial construction goal.The thesis carried out the following studies:This paper firstly reviews the existing research literature on the measurement,influencing factors and spatial distribution of relative poverty,defines the concept of relative poverty,introduces the theory of relative poverty and the methods to identify relative poverty,which constitute the support of this paper.Secondly,this paper uses gini coefficient to calculate the relative poverty standard of China’s income,and calculates the scale of relative poverty in China according to this standard.The main causes of family relative poverty are explored by using multidimensional relative poverty index.Thirdly,this paper uses ESDA spatial exploratory method to study the spatial distribution characteristics of relative poverty incidence in China.Finally,this paper uses spatial lag model and spatial Dubin model to study the main influencing factors of regional relative poverty incidence.The findings are as follows :(1)when 0.4 is taken as the target value of gini coefficient,China’s relative poverty standard in 2018 is 12,878 yuan/person · year.When using the relative poverty standard to identify poor people,the incidence of relative poverty in China was about 44 percent in 2018.(2)On the whole,adult education and employment are the main factors causing relative poverty of Chinese families.In terms of urban and rural areas,health status is the most important factor causing relative poverty of urban residents,while living conditions are the most important factor causing relative poverty of rural residents.(3)The provinces with severe relative poverty are distributed in the central and western regions,while the relative poverty in the eastern provinces is relatively mild.At the same time,the relative poverty problem presents a significant contiguous and concentrated distribution,and has a strong spatial dependence,that is,the high poverty situation in poor areas will aggravate the relative poverty situation in nearby areas.(4)The increase in the proportion of medical expenditure will significantly aggravate the relative poverty level in this region,which means the possibility of returning to poverty due to illness.Higher levels of education can reduce the incidence of relative poverty in a region.The spatial lag of relative poverty is significantly positive,which verifies the existence of "spatial poverty trap".(5)The improvement of regional development status,educational resources,medical resources and other indicators can effectively reduce the incidence of relative poverty in the region and neighboring regions simultaneously,that is,there is a "spatial spillover effect" of poverty reduction effect.Based on the above analysis and research,this paper puts forward relevant suggestions on poverty identification and anti-poverty policies,including :(1)establishing a multi-level and multi-dimensional relative poverty identification system to ensure that anti-poverty policies can benefit all relative poor people.(2)Strengthen basic public services such as education,medical care and social security,improve the living conditions of the relatively poor and stimulate their ability to grow spontaneously.(3)Focusing on the problem of contiguity and concentration of poverty in central and western China,strengthening the coordinated governance of anti-poverty work among provinces,and cracking the "space trap" of poverty.(4)Strengthen the supply of medical and educational resources to avoid falling into poverty due to illness and the possibility of poverty being passed on from generation to generation.(5)Give full play to the spatial spillover effect of poverty reduction effects of various factors,and reduce the possibility of relative poverty problems occurring in clusters and clusters. |
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