Research On The Change Of Maternity Insurance Policy In China Based On Discontinuity And Balance Theory

The process of policy change has always been a hot research topic in the field of public policy.How policy issues enter the agenda,when the attention of political elites is divided,and how policy equilibrium and short-term discontinuity are generated are important entry points for studying the mechanism of policy evolution.In out of the represented by Lin Debu los’ s school under the limitation of gradualism,based on the hypothesis of bounded rationality,intermittent-balance theory by analyzing the policy agreed place,picture,elements such as positive feedback and negative feedback mechanism,to explain the policy change process of medium and long-term equilibrium and short-term mutation phenomenon,at the same time,Discontinuity-balance theory also provides a new perspective for the study of many policy changes in China.In an aging population growing and raising the cost of rising background,countries continue to adjust the population policy to stimulate the fertility rate in the current downturn,and maternity insurance policy as an important supporting measures of population policy to the ground,about population and fertility security service system construction,raising the level of its policy development to deserve the attention of policymakers.After reviewing the evolution of China’s maternity insurance policy,it is found that its institutional trend is characterized by long-term stability and temporary drastic alternation.Why does the evolution of maternity insurance policy show an obvious discontinuous and balanced development pattern come into being?What are the logical rules and dynamic mechanisms of policy changes?Based on this,the article combines discontinuous-balance framework and policy Fan Shixiang,after to modify theoretical framework,research,for China’s birth insurance institutional change in policy paradigm of discontinuous node,at the same time the use of continuous equilibrium theory in the perspective of policy system policy picture,the feedback mechanism,the agreed place,unconstrained information processing model,and many other factors were analyzed.Since the founding of New China,maternity insurance policy has experienced three equilibrium and three discontinuities,which are six stages respectively:Policy balance period: nationwide maternity insurance under national pooling(1951-1956);policy gap period: shift to enterprise pooling during the planned economy period(1956-1969);policy balance period: policy contradiction between planning and market(1969-1988);policy gap period: Maternity insurance towards social pooling(1988-1994),policy equilibrium period: gradually integrated maternity insurance system(1994-2015),policy discontinuity period: maternity insurance under the merger of the two insurance(2015-2019)The findings: Policy agreed place is closed,the policy idea of immobilized caused monopoly policy,and the top attention shift,the concept of policy,the change of the policy target,the shift is triggered after repeated mobilization to overcome the friction system and external participants,causing multiple mutations,birth insurance policy has experienced the enterprise as a whole,society as a whole and two risks combined three periods.On the whole,in terms of the internal logic of the change of China’s maternity insurance policy,its evolution process is related to the change of population policy,and follows a "top-down" path,and its internal negative feedback mechanism also contributes to the gradual change of policy.However,the current birth insurance policy also faces many realistic predicament,policy tools set up fuzzy,inadequate protection of the group,the policy idea of flexible obtain employment imbalance,lack of male fertility character and policy options to optimize two risk rate,the problem such as the lack of dynamic adjustment is still to be solved in the process of consummating the system of fertility pain points.Therefore,it is necessary for policy makers to open negotiation places,respond to the policy picture in time,adjust policy tools,so as to absorb multiple issues,make up for policy shortcomings,improve the level of security,promote policy into a new equilibrium or discontinuity period,and achieve sustainable development.