| According to the data of the seventh national census,in the past 10 years,the aging degree of China’s population has further deepened The population aged 60 and over is 264 million,accounting for 18.70%.Among them,the low-age elderly population aged 60 to 69 accounts for 55.83%of the elderly population aged 60 and over,and the proportion of the elderly is also gradually increasing.According to relevant forecasts,during the "14th five year plan" period,the national elderly population over 60 will exceed 300 million,and the phenomenon of deep social aging is becoming more and more serious.Similarly,the problem of providing for the aged in rural areas has gradually increased.First,with the deepening of "urbanization",the outflow of rural young labor force is increasing,and the number of "empty nest elderly" and "left behind elderly" in rural areas is increasing;At present,there are few types of elderly care services in rural areas,and the traditional elderly care services in urban areas can not meet the needs of elderly care groups.In order to better solve the development problems of rural elderly care services and innovate the development mode of elderly care services,exploring and developing rural mutual aid elderly care services will be an excellent way.In 2021,No.1 central document,"opinions on comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and speeding up agricultural modernization," clearly put forward "promoting the construction of the elderly service facilities such as the village level happy homes and day care centers,developing the rural inclusive pension services and mutual support for the elderly",which further highlights the government’s determination to develop the rural mutual aid services and the rural mutual assistance.Based on the social support theory and welfare pluralism theory,this study makes an in-depth analysis of the problems faced by rural mutual pension services through questionnaire survey and field investigation in F County,and explores the opportunities and challenges for the future development of rural mutual pension services The survey results show that f county has been actively promoting the development of pension services,the layout of pension infrastructure is basically perfect,pension fund subsidy policies are also in place,and private pension institutions are also rapidly promoting their development.However,the government does not pay enough attention to it and does not give full play to its active guiding role;The operation effect of elderly care institutions is poor,which can not meet the needs of rural elderly care services at the present stage;The traditional idea of family pension is deeply rooted,and the elderly are unwilling to leave home and go out.Therefore,the development of rural mutual pension is particularly important and necessary,which can not only make up for the shortcomings of community pension and institutional pension,but also meet the needs of the elderly to "support the elderly at home".Combined with the innovative development methods and experience of rural mutual aid elderly care services carried out in B eijing,Shanghai,Sichuan and Fujian,this study further puts forward suggestion on strengthening top-level planning and design,increasing social participation and changing traditional elderly care ideas and understanding from the government level,social level,family and individual level,so as to promote the rapid development of rural mutual aid elderly care services,Improve the rural elderly care development service system. |
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