Research On Carbon Emission Prediction And Evaluation Of Low-carbon Building Design Based On BIM

Today,the world is concerned about climate change.The increasing concentration of greenhouse gases leads to the rise of global temperature and the increase of natural disasters.In order to cope with the current situation of carbon emissions,China has proposed the goal of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality.However,studies have found that the construction industry produces the highest carbon emissions.Therefore,it is very necessary to study the reduction of carbon emissions from buildings.Existing studies have concluded that carbon emission optimization in the building design stage has an important impact on the carbon emission in the whole life cycle of the building,so this paper conducts research on the low-carbon design of the building.First of all,the impact on the architectural design factors on the construction of carbon emissions are analyzed,and simulation studies the building shape coefficient,building orientation and building palisade structure of building the influence law of carbon emissions,it is concluded that south building lowest carbon emissions,outside the window shading coefficient is negatively related to the construction of carbon emissions into,other factors are equal in construction is related to carbon emissions.Secondly,SPSS was used to conduct bivariate correlation analysis and collinearity analysis on the influencing factors,and an elastic network model was established to screen the predictive variables.Finally,eight factors with significant impact on building carbon emissions were selected as the predictive variables.The support vector machine(SVM)algorithm was written in Python language to build the prediction model of building carbon emissions,and the grid search algorithm and cross-validation were used to optimize the parameters of the prediction model.By testing the prediction accuracy of the model,the prediction error of the model is within 15%,which can be used for the evaluation of building carbon emissions.Then,the existing low carbon evaluation system is analyzed,most of the lack of carbon emission calculation method,lack of comprehensive scoring method.In this paper,according to the construction principle of the evaluation system,according to the energy saving standards and survey data,the index evaluation benchmark is determined,the parameter range of the evaluation index and the proportion of the score value are defined,and the evaluation index system is established.AHP and expert questionnaire were used to calculate the weights of the evaluation indexes,and a comprehensive scoring method was established according to the weights to construct the evaluation system of building carbon emissions.Finally,based on the above results and BIM,this paper uses C# language and Revit API for software secondary development,and integrates the building carbon emission prediction program and building carbon emission evaluation system into Revit,so that Revit has the building carbon emission analysis function.To test and verify the accuracy and applicability of the study,with the actual construction as an example,the BIM model is established,using the development of carbon analysis software for building carbon emissions are calculated and evaluated,according to the evaluation results,the building low-carbon optimization technique,to optimize the building after the evaluation,building carbon emissions significantly reduced.This study provides a carbon emission analysis tool for building low-carbon design,which can assist designers to evaluate and analyze the carbon emission level of buildings,and provide a certain basis and guiding significance for building low-carbon design.