| Artificial intelligence has been a hot topic of discussion since its inception,and people’s attitudes towards AI are mixed,with optimism and pessimism.In terms of technology level,the development of AI can be roughly divided into three stages:weak AI,strong AI and super AI.From the technical essence,artificial intelligence is the simulation and extension of human brain organs,and is the product of the essential power of human beings to an advanced stage.When artificial intelligence has reached an super stage,it may become independent of human beings as individuals.In terms of social reality,artificial intelligence products have already flown into ordinary people’s homes and are closely integrated with people’s production life.The practical application of artificial intelligence play a dual role in the development of human society.Therefore,while we enjoy the convenience of life brought by AI,we also need to be constantly alert to the social risks.Artificial intelligence is closely related to human labour.To a large extent,it was created to achieve the emancipation of human labour.It is necessary to explore the profound changes to human labour brought about by AI in a modern context.In the context of AI,the elements of labour,the labour process and the labour field all undergo new changes.In terms of the elements of labour,the object of labour becomes invisible,the tools of labour become intelligent and the subject of labour becomes free;in terms of the process of labour,there is a trend towards digitalisation and unmanned labour;in terms of the field of labour,virtual space and real space intermingle,the time of labour changes flexibly and the freedom of labour increases;in terms of the value of labour,the application of AI continues the basic logic of value creation and also enriches and expands the specific process of value creation.In terms of labour value,the application of AI inherits the basic logic of value creation,but also enriches and expands the specific process of value creation.The impact of artificial intelligence on Marx’s labour theory,especially the theory of labour value,confirms that Marxist labour theory is still applicable in the age of artificial intelligence.It cannot be doubted that the topicality,revolutionary nature and truthfulness of Marxist theory.In the context of historical materialism,the development of human labour involves a process of discursive movement from the specific to the general,to the confirmation of the social nature of man and then to the constitution of modern history.The impact of AI technology on the process of discursive movement of labour is positive and negative.On the positive side,firstly,AI technology promotes the discursive movement of labour from the concrete to the general at the level of the development of productivity and the spread of socialisation.Secondly,AI technology creates a subjective space for the development of human subjectivity,enabling the reversion of the human class essence through labour,and facilitating the discursive movement of labour from the general to the social essence.Thirdly,AI technology can create abundant material conditions for human emancipation,and then drive social history forward.On the negative side,firstly,the capital application of AI technology creates new resource barriers and technical barriers,which restrict the popularisation of advanced productive forces and the generalisation of social interaction,thus hindering the dialectical movement of labour from the specific to the general.Thirdly,the intervention of AI technology has led to massive unemployment and the social predicament of increased wealth differentiation,forming a reverse obstacle to the advancement of labour in social history.These negative effects of modernity are rooted in the inappropriate use of technology on the context of specific relations of production,and human emancipation needs to be realised at the level of transforming relations of production. |
