The Employment Dilemma Of Female Students Majoring In Science And Engineering In Local Universities Countermeasures

Employment is the most concerning issue for the people,the most fundamental livelihood,and is related to the realization of personal value and comprehensive development of individuals,thus integrating into society and sharing the fruits of development.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also mentioned the word "fairness" several times,emphasizing the need to eliminate unreasonable restrictions and employment discrimination that affect employment equality.This is a full manifestation of the Party Central Committee’s high emphasis on fair employment,demonstrating its determination and strength to actively promote the implementation of high-quality employment.With the popularization of higher education,the number of graduates from Chinese higher education institutions reached 10.76 million in 2022,marking the first time that the number of university graduates exceeded ten million.The arrival of the employment force has made the employment situation even more severe.In this context,the issue of female employment as a vulnerable group in society deserves more attention,especially for female students in science and engineering.As a special component of the female employment group,solving their employment difficulties is of more practical significance.Therefore,it is necessary to increase research on the current situation and causes of employment difficulties for female college students majoring in science and engineering,in order to help them solve and overcome these difficulties.In the past,most studies have separated science and engineering students to study employment.This article unifies science and engineering as a whole to study the employment of female college students in science and engineering.This article summarizes the current situation and countermeasures of female employment both domestically and internationally.A targeted survey questionnaire was released to explore the employment quality and difficulties of female students who have graduated from a local university in the past three years.278 valid questionnaires were collected,and the results were empirically analyzed using SPSS software.Twenty female students were interviewed one-on-one.Based on the survey questionnaire and interview results,it was found that female college students in science and engineering have difficulties in their own abilities,low employment quality,and gender discrimination.The reasons for these employment difficulties were analyzed.Subsequently,this study combines human capital theory,social constructivism theory,and statistical discrimination theory to analyze the factors that affect the employment difficulties of female students in science and engineering.It is found that the reasons for the employment difficulties of female students in science and engineering are formed by the interweaving of multiple factors such as oneself,school,society,and government.Finally,this study proposes four strategies to address the employment dilemma of female students majoring in science and engineering in local universities: improving their professional and comprehensive literacy,strengthening professional skills training and employment guidance in schools,establishing a gender equality employment concept in society,and promoting employment equity by the government.