Influencing Factors And Optimization Strategies Of Mentoring Relationship In Modern Apprenticeship In Higher Vocational Colleges

With the introduction of Germany’s "Industry 4.0" concept,China has opened the era of "Made in China 2025",and the industrial structure will be upgraded comprehensively,requiring more professional and innovative talents with professional knowledge and excellent skills to support the goal of high-end manufacturing in China.The modern apprenticeship system is an internationally recognized means to cultivate technically skilled and innovative talents,so it is also an inevitable choice to upgrade vocational education in China.In the talent cultivation of modern apprenticeship,a solid and intimate mentor-apprentice relationship can better promote the apprentice’s initiative to acquire a large amount of special technical expert knowledge,and can accelerate the improvement of technology by way of mentor-apprentice technology transmission,which ultimately serves to cultivate highly skilled talents and great artisans.In order to understand the current situation and influencing factors of teacher-apprentice relationship in the promotion stage of modern apprenticeship system,the author describes and quantifies in detail the current situation and influencing factors of teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship system through questionnaires and interviews,etc.The study finds that the significant influencing factors of teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship system are apprentice career development planning,current situation of interpersonal relationship,master’s teaching ability,assessment method,etc.In addition,in modern apprenticeship system In addition,there are problems such as the limited self-development ability of apprentices,the teaching ability of masters to be improved and the lack of clear rules and regulations of schools and enterprises that restrict the development of modern apprenticeship,and the reasons for these problems can be summarized as the imperfect policies and legal system for modern apprenticeship,the lack of standardized education management mechanism of modern apprenticeship,and the weak comprehensive quality of students in higher education institutions.Finally,in view of the current situation and problems of teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship system,measures for building harmonious teacher-apprentice relationship are proposed.It mainly includes improving the relevant policies and legal system of modern apprenticeship system,constructing a perfect education management mechanism of modern apprenticeship system and improving the comprehensive quality cultivation of students in higher vocational colleges and universities.The specific contents are as follows.The first introductory chapter mainly describes the background and significance of the study,defines the core concepts of modern apprenticeship and teacher-apprentice relationship,and clarifies the scope of this paper and the research ideas and methods by combing the relevant literature at home and abroad.Chapter 2,through theoretical exploration of domestic and foreign research related to mentor-apprentice relationship,finds that the theory of mentor-apprentice relationship(mentoring relationship),Mayo’s interpersonal relationship theory and tacit knowledge theory can be the theoretical basis of this study,and on this basis the theoretical framework of this paper is constructed,and the measurement dimensions and influencing factors of mentor-apprentice relationship are set,which lay the theoretical foundation for the subsequent study.The third chapter is the investigation of the current situation of teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship and the study of influencing factors,based on the theoretical basis of the second chapter,the questionnaire of teacher-apprentice relationship is designed,the whole group sampling and snowball sampling methods are used to questionnaire survey of apprentices,and the current situation of teacher-apprentice relationship is understood in depth through interviews with apprentices and master with apprentices,and the questionnaire topics and conclusions are effectively supplemented.The study found that the overall situation of master-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship is relatively good,where the factors that significantly affect the professional learning guidance dimension of master-apprentice relationship are: apprentice career development plan,initiative of contact with master,current situation of interpersonal relationship,master professional knowledge and skills,master teaching ability,satisfactory internship position,and apprentice assessment.The factors that significantly affect the psychosocial support dimension of the master-apprentice relationship are: grade level,apprentice career development planning,initiative of contact with the master,current state of interpersonal relations,master professional knowledge and skills,master teaching ability,satisfactory internship position,and apprentice assessment.Chapter 4: Analysis of the problems and causes of the teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship system,through the data analysis of the teacher-apprentice relationship questionnaire and the interviews of the master and apprentice in the previous chapter,it can be found that the problems that restrict the development of the teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship system are the lack of self-development ability of the apprentice,the teaching ability of the master to be improved and the lack of clear rules and regulations of the school and the enterprise,etc.The causes of these problems can be divided into the relevant policies and legal systems for the modern apprenticeship system The reasons for these problems can be divided into three dimensions: imperfect policies and legal systems for modern apprenticeship,lack of standardized management mechanism of modern apprenticeship education,and weak comprehensive quality of students in higher vocational colleges.Based on the previous chapters,Chapter 5 proposes measures to build a harmonious teacher-apprentice relationship based on the current situation and problems of teacher-apprentice relationship in modern apprenticeship system,which mainly includes improving the relevant policies and legal system of modern apprenticeship system,building a perfect education management mechanism of modern apprenticeship system and improving the comprehensive quality cultivation of students in higher vocational colleges.