| As the witness and important support strength of China’s industrialization,urbanization and modernization during the 45 years of reform and open policy,the quality of employment of migrant workers is related to the smooth operation of China’s society and economic development.Now,the new generation of migrant workers who born after 1980 with registered residence and going out to work have experienced social changes.They have the characteristics of high education level,low land complex,obvious willingness to stay in the city,clear career planning,etc.,which leads to their completely different employment tendencies from the previous generation of migrant workers.At present,the new generation of migrant workers has become the backbone of the migrant workers in China,and as the supporting role of human resources in society is becoming more and more obvious.However,the situation of employment quality is not optimistic.Restricted by the registered residence system,personal education and skill conditions,family economic conditions and other factors,the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers has always been at a low level,which will seriously affect the social well-being of the new generation of migrant workers and their integration into the citizenization,even restricting social stability and economic development.Therefore,it has great practical significance to conduct a systematic and in-depth study on the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers and its influencing factors.Firstly,this paper defines the relevant concepts of the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers through literature research.On the basis of the research of the current literature,it explores the influencing factors and paths of the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers in cities in China.After sorting out the relevant literature on the new generation of migrant workers and their employment quality,it focuses on the analysis and attention of the key factors affecting their employment quality,focusing on the key factors at the micro and medium levels,and forming a structural theoretical basis.Based on the human capital and social capital that scholars focus on,digital capital is added in combination with the background of the digital era,and family capital and unit system are added in combination with the influence factors at the medium level.Based on this,12 research hypotheses are proposed to construct a theoretical model of the quality of employment of the new generation of migrant workers.Based on the data of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2018,combined with individual and family samples,the data were collated and preliminarily analyzed using descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,factor analysis and other methods,and then the theoretical model was empirically studied using the method of partial least squares structural equation model to analyze the impact of five key influencing factors on the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers and the impact path.Research findings:(1)Human capital,social capital,digital capital and unit system have a significant positive impact on the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers.The total effect is 0.211、0.139、0.285 and 0.316.The impact of family capital on employment quality is not significant.(2)Human capital and social capital play intermediary roles.Human capital plays an important intermediary role between digital capital,unit system and the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers.The intermediary role of social capital is mainly transmitted through the increase of human capital,that is,digital capital and unit system will enhance the human capital of workers,thus improving their social capital,then bringing the improvement of employment quality.(3)Some impacts of digital capital and unit system vary across industries.Multi-group analysis based on the industry found that the impact of digital capital on human capital has a greater impact on the employment of the secondary industry;The impact of digital capital on social capital has a significant impact on the employment of the tertiary industry;The unit system has a lower impact on the promotion of social capital in the secondary industry than in the tertiary industry.Based on the above research results,relevant suggestions are put forward from the perspectives of government,enterprises and individuals from the four aspects of human capital improvement,social capital expansion,digital capital optimization and unit system improvement of the new generation of migrant workers. |
