Research On The Sustainable Development Of The "Happiness Home+Elderly Canteen" Rural Elderly Care Model

As China’s aging society accelerates,the pressure on social pensions continues to rise.The existing four pension models of family pensions,community pensions,institutional pensions and mutual pensions each have certain advantages and shortcomings in solving rural pension problems.As an emerging model in recent years,the "Happiness Home +Elderly Canteen" rural elderly care model has achieved good results in practice and has been strongly promoted by the government.However,the model has been developed for a short period of time and there is no experience to summarize,so all places can only feel their way forward,and there are various problems in practice,which affect the sustainable development of the "Happiness Home + Elderly Canteen" model.As an effective solution to the problem of rural elderly care at this stage,"Happiness Home +Elderly Canteen" should not be pursued only for its short-term effectiveness,but should be made to work in a long-term and sustainable manner,which is also a realistic need to alleviate the pressure of social elderly care.Guided by resource dependence theory,this study collected primary data from 13 villages in Zibo city through field visits and one-on-one interviews,and grasped the situation of rural happy homes and elderly canteens in terms of construction,elderly service content,subject participation,fund raising,management and operation,and focused on the post-construction utilization rate and service content provided by happy homes,financial sustainability,supervision and management mechanism,staff The situation.The study found that they face many problems in practice,such as difficulties in selecting sites for construction due to tight land resources in rural areas,low utilization rate of the homes after construction,single service content,excessive reliance on external resources,poor financial sustainability,insufficient incentives for staff and volunteers,and inadequate supervision and management mechanisms.Next,the interview data were coded and organized with the help of MAXQDA 2020,a qualitative analysis software,to establish a relationship model of the factors influencing the sustainability of the "happy home + elderly canteen" rural elderly care model in Zibo.The study concluded that the factors influencing sustainable development are:sustainability at the level of participating subjects,sustainability at the level of funding,sustainability at the level of policy,sustainability at the level of venue,and sustainability at the level of actual operation.Then,we further analyzed the influencing factors of sustainable development,and analyzed the degree of influence of each level of coding on sustainable development,and found that sustainability at the level of participating subjects and sustainability at the level of funding are the key factors affecting the sustainable development of this model,and the four dimensions of sustainability at the level of participating subjects,sustainability at the level of funding,sustainability at the level of policy,and sustainability at the level of actual operation are closely related to each other.Finally,we propose a strategy to promote the sustainable development of the "Happy Home + Elderly Canteen" rural elderly care model,which includes five aspects:upgrading the service quality and incentive mechanism to strengthen the participation of the main body;establishing a benign fund-raising channel to ensure the sustainability of funds;improving the policy system to achieve standardized operation;enhancing the flexibility of construction to avoid It includes five aspects: upgrading service quality and incentive mechanism,strengthening the participation of subjects;establishing a sound fund-raising channel to ensure the sustainability of funds;improving the policy system to realize standardized operation;enhancing the flexibility of construction to avoid wasteful construction;maintaining stable operation and expanding service coverage.