A Comparative Study On The Effects Of HIIT Training And Aerobic Exercise On The Cardiac Autonomic Nervous Function Of Female College Students

Background: In recent years,the problem of youth physical decline has become increasingly serious,and chronic diseases have become younger and younger,which poses a serious threat to the health of young people and is not conducive to the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and society.High-intensity interval training represented by HIIT is gradually emerging.This exercise method is to increase the heart rate in a short period of time and promote fat burning through high-quality multi-combination movements.However,how is the training effect of HIIT training compared with aerobic training? Whether it can better improve body composition,whether it can allow subjects to develop good exercise habits and improve the balance of cardiac autonomic nerves is still unknown.There are few comparative studies between HIIT exercise and aerobic exercise,and few studies on potentially obese young women;static heart rate variability tests and post-exercise heart rate recovery tests focus on athletes and patients with chronic diseases,and most of them use a single test method.There are few studies on the joint determination of cardiac autonomic function by the two methods and on the potentially obese young female population.Objective: This study analyzes the body composition,heart rate recovery and heart rate variability of female college students with normal BMI but slightly higher body fat before and after the experiment,aiming at the effect of aerobic exercise and HIIT exercise on the body composition and heart rate variability of female college students.A comparative study on the function of the autonomic nervous system,and through the results analysis of the degree of influence and advantages and disadvantages of the two exercise methods,provide more scientific guidance for young women with body anxiety.Methods: In this experiment,a total of 38 female college students(BF index between 25%-30%,BMI<23.9)were recruited from undergraduate students of Yunnan Normal University,and they were randomly divided into two groups,19 in the aerobic group and HIIT group 19.The two groups conducted a 8-week training together,in which the HIIT group first performed a 5-minute warm-up each time,and then followed the music and the coach for 28 minutes of formal training,including a large cycle of 7 movements,8 groups for each movement,Each group has 20 s of exercise time,10 s of rest,4 minutes per group,and 5 minutes of stretching at the end;the aerobic group warms up for 5 minutes each time,starts to run for 30 minutes,and finally performs 5 minutes of stretching.Polar Team2 team heart rate monitor and X-SCAN PLUS II body composition meter were used to record and analyze the changes in body composition,post-exercise heart rate recovery and heart rate variability data indicators of the two groups of subjects before and after exercise.Results:(1)In terms of body shape: Compared with before the experiment,the body weight,BMI and waist-to-hip ratio of the HIIT group decreased significantly after the experiment,p<0.01,and the body fat percentage,body fat mass,subcutaneous fat mass and visceral fat showed extreme Significantly decreased,p<0.001;after the experiment in the aerobic group,compared with before the experiment,the body weight and BMI decreased significantly,p<0.01,and the lean body mass and basal metabolism decreased,with statistical significance p<0.05.After the experiment,the comparison between the HIIT group and the aerobic group showed no difference in body shape indicators,p>0.05.(2)Heart rate recovery after exercise: Compared with before the experiment,the recovery heart rate of the HIIT group decreased significantly at 7 minutes,p<0.001,and the recovery rate at 7 minutes,ΔHRR7,5-minute recovery rate,and ΔHRR5increased significantly.p<0.01,the 3-minute recovery rate and ΔHRR3 increased,the difference was statistically significant,p<0.05;there was no difference in the aerobic group except for the one-minute recovery rate,but it showed a negative difference,and the one-minute recovery before and after the experiment The rate is reduced.Compared between the HIIT group and the aerobic group after the experiment,there was no difference in the index of heart rate recovery after exercise,p>0.05.(3)In terms of heart rate variability: Compared with before the experiment in the HIIT group,the average heart rate HRM decreased significantly,p <0.01,RMSSD,SD1,and HF increased significantly,p<0.01,SDNN,SD2 increased,p< 0.05,with statistical difference;before,during and after aerobic exercise,there was no difference in the change of HRV indicators;after the experiment,compared with the HIIT group,the aerobic group was significantly higher in the SDNN,SD2,HF,and upper HIIT groups Significantly higher than the aerobic group,P<0.01,HIIT group was significantly higher than the aerobic group in RMSSD,HF(n.u.),SD1,LF,with statistical significance,P<0.05,in LF(n.u.),LF/HF The upper HIIT group was significantly lower than the aerobic group,with statistical significance,P<0.05.Conclusions:(1)Both aerobic exercise and HIIT exercise can improve the body shape of female college students,and there is no significant difference between the groups.,subcutaneous fat,waist-to-hip ratio,and body fat mass were greatly improved,and HIIT exercise can effectively improve the subject’s body composition;Effectively improve the subject’s body composition.(2)Compared with aerobic exercise and HIIT exercise,there is no difference between the heart rate recovery groups after exercise;from the perspective of the groups,the heart rate recovery rate after exercise in the HIIT group,the specific recovery heart rate and other indicators have improved greatly,and it can be seen that HIIT exercise can effectively improve The level of heart rate recovery after exercise,and the recovery rate of the aerobic exercise group after only 1 minute after exercise showed differences.(3)(3)Compared with aerobic exercise and HIIT exercise,HIIT exercise has more advantages in improving the cardiac autonomic nervous function of female college students,which is reflected in the improvement of HRV and HRR indicators,the overall level of heart rate variability increases,and the regulation ability of vagus nerve increases.The functional level of the vagus nerve increased,and the sensitivity of the parasympathetic nerve increased,but aerobic exercise was better than HIIT exercise in improving the balance of the vagal and sympathetic nerves.