Parenting Of Exceptional Children Aged 0-6 Years Studyon Pressure Difference And Influencing Factors

Parenting stress is a type of stress that parents show in the process of raising their children due to the influence of factors such as their own characteristics and children’s characteristics.On the one hand,high parenting pressure can reduce parents’ marital satisfaction and family life quality.On the other hand,it will increase parents’ anxiety,depression and other negative emotions,which will have a negative impact on parents’ parenting behavior and ultimately affect children’s physical and mental health development.The parenting pressure of parents of special children is generally higher than that of parents of ordinary children.This study adopted the method of literature research,questionnaire survey and interview survey to investigate 123 parents of children with special needs aged 0-6 years.Based on the understanding of the current situation of parenting stress of parents of children with special needs aged 0-6 years,it further explored the differences of parenting stress of parents of children with special needs aged 0-6 years,and analyzed the influencing factors of parenting stress of children with special needs aged 0-6 years.And put forward the parenting pressure relieving strategies.In this study,a self-designed basic information table for families,parents and children was adopted to understand the basic information of families,parents and children.A simplified parenting stress questionnaire was adopted to investigate the current situation of parents’ parenting stress.A semi-structured interview was combined to explore the differences and influencing factors of parents’ parenting stress for special children aged 0-6 years.After investigation and analysis,this study reached the following conclusions:(1)The parenting pressure of the 123 parents of special children aged 0-6 years old who participated in this study is relatively large on the whole,and there is a great space to reduce the parenting pressure of parents.Parenting stress is mainly manifested in the dimension of parenting distress and difficult children,mainly in the aspect of parenting distress.(2)Family per capita income,family structure,whether children have siblings and special children’s parenting pressure and parenting distress,parent-child interaction disorder and difficult children have no significant correlation,that is,family per capita income,family structure type,whether children have brothers and sisters have no difference in parenting pressure.(3)The age of parents has significant difference in the dimension of children with depression and difficulties in parenting.Parental education and occupation have significant differences in the dimension of parenting distress.The relationship between parents and children has significant differences in the dimensions of parenting distress and parent-child interaction disorder.(4)Child gender has no effect on parenting pressure and its dimensions.The age of children is positively correlated with the dimension of difficult children and the total score of parenting stress.The parenting stress of parents will increase with the age of children.There were significant differences between children’s diagnosis results and parents’ parent-child interaction disorder,difficult children’s stress and parenting stress scores.There are significant differences between the degree of children’s disability and the score of parents’ difficult children and parenting stress.Children with different degrees of disability have different parents’ difficult children and parenting stress.Parents with moderate to severe child disability had the highest stress and parenting stress in the dimension of difficult children.(5)The factors affecting the parenting pressure of special children aged 0-6 can be divided into parent factors,child factors and environmental factors.Parental stress is affected by three factors: lack of rehabilitation skills and parenting skills,lack of bad emotions and low self-efficacy.Child factors mainly include the types and degrees of children’s disorders,children’s lack of self-care ability,children’s difficulty in entering school and children’s future development.Environmental factors are divided into family environment and community environment.The high cost of parenting in the family environment,the poor family function and the deviation between reality and expectation will affect the parenting pressure of parents.Social Settings such as disability anonymity,infrastructure and social support influence parenting stress.Based on the above research conclusions,this study proposes strategies to relieve the parenting pressure of special children from three aspects: parents,communities and the government.First of all,parents of special children should build a learning family and guide family members to participate in child rearing.Change the concept,pay attention to children’s life care needs;Actively seek help with parenting problems;Adjust the mentality and take children to participate in social activities.Secondly,the community should carry out mental health publicity and guide parents to pay attention to their own emotional state.Carry out parenting courses to improve parents’ rehabilitation skills;To build a communication platform for parents of special children;Building a community culture that respects differences.Finally,the government can pay attention to the early special education,improve the early special children care system;We will improve the social assistance and security system for families with special children.