| Introduction: To understand the relationship between adolescent obesity and poorer motor ability and to provide theoretical guidance for motor intervention for obese individuals,based on existing experimental empirical methods and literature,the motor development characteristics of U12-14 obese adolescents were refined and summarized by comparing them with their normal weight peer group,and case teaching empirical evidence was conducted for their motor skill learning.Methods: In this study,32 boys and 31 girls aged 12-14 years were selected by random sampling with BMI as the criterion in the weight loss summer camp of Shanghai Peak Health Technology Co.,Ltd.for a total of 63 subjects;31 boys and 31 girls of the same age and normal weight were randomly recruited in Shanghai Shidong Middle School for a total of 62 subjects as the control group.The subjects were tested on the third gradient(U11-16)of the MABC-2(Motor Set Development Test,Second Edition),including 3 tests of hand dexterity: nail spinning,triangle puzzle,and tracing,2 tests of hand-eye coordination: ball tossing and catching,and red dot throwing,and 3 tests of balance: stepping backwards on a line,balance board,and zigzag jumping,followed by a displacement ability test(20-meter round-trip run),and then basketball The basic movement combination skill learning,according to the results of the preliminary test analysis,the experimental group and the control group to learn basketball sports skills empirical evidence.Through 4 weeks of basketball skills teaching,three times a week,40 minutes each time,two basketball combination skills(shooting test: 1-minute fixed-point shooting,dribbling test: dribbling around the pile)were selected as cases for observation and comparison of skill learning results.The test process and results were videotaped and analyzed,and SPSS 23.0statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Test results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(x ± s),and the differences between groups such as experimental and control groups and between genders within experimental groups were first tested for normality of data results,and independent sample t-tests were conducted to determine differences for data that obeyed normal distribution,and for data that did not obey normal distribution Non-parametric test analysis was conducted to test the normality of the basketball skill test results,and for the data that conformed to the normal distribution,paired samples t-test was used to determine the differences in the basketball skill test results before and after teaching,with P<0.05 as the significant difference,and the slope was compared by a line graph to determine the size of the differences.Results: MABC-2 test results: there was no significant difference in hand-eye coordination scores between the experimental group and the control group for both male and female(p>0.05),while there was a significant difference in hand dexterity,balance,and three total scores(p<0.05);there was no significant difference in hand dexterity,balance,and three total scores(p>0.05),and a significant difference in hand-eye coordination total scores(p<0.05)between the experimental group for male and female and the control group for female.Displacement movement test: except for the boys,there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p<0.05),there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>0.05)for males and females,and for females,there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(p>0.05),in terms of the proportion of the patterns of the maturity of displacement movement development,the proportion of the more mature or close to adult movement patterns(pattern IV and pattern V)was much smaller for the boys in the experimental group(28.6%)was much smaller than that of boys in the control group(62.6%),and that of girls in the experimental group(5.3%)was smaller than that of girls in the control group(31.8%),and the proportion of immature movement patterns(pattern one and pattern two)was greater for boys in the experimental group(52.4%)than for boys in the control group(25.0%),and for girls in the experimental group(73.7%)than for girls in the control group(50.0%).Basketball skill test: there were significant differences(p < 0.05)between boys and girls in the experimental and control groups before and after learning effects except for the fixed-point shooting items,but the before and after differences in learning effects were more significant in the control group.Conclusion:(1)This study summarizes the characteristics of obese adolescents’ motor development at the age of 12-14 years,i.e.," Adaptation of basic movement combination skills ";(2)In adolescents aged 12-14 years,obesity has a negative impact on the level of motor development of adolescents,especially in fine and balance motor skills and related skills learning,while the overall difference in motor skills between boys and girls of the same age who are also obese is not significant.(3)obese adolescents aged 12-14 lag behind normal weight individuals in terms of skill learning,and obesity has a greater impact on the learning of shooting skills and a smaller impact on the learning of dribbling skills. |
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