Measurement And Evaluation Of Marathon Contestants’ Risk Perceptions

Marathon events are popular as popular mass sports events,but their risks cannot be ignored,and in severe cases,they will affect the life safety of contestants.To a certain extent,the risk perception level of marathon contestants determines the likelihood of marathon risk occurrence.This study focuses on the psychological factor of risk perception among marathon contestants.Through a mixed qualitative and then quantitative research design,we explore the dimensions of risk perception among marathon contestants,develop a risk perception scale for marathon contestants,administer the scale to marathon contestants,and analyse the findings to explore the differences in the overall level of risk perception and demographic variables among marathon contestants.In order to promote marathon contestants to have correct risk awareness and reduce the occurrence of risk events due to risk awareness.Results:(1)Marathon contestants’ risk perception is the subjective feeling and understanding of the objective risks of the entire marathon process(before,during and after the race)of the marathon contestants,and is affected by subjective feelings or judgments to gain experience.The risk perception of marathon contestants includes two dimensions,namely their own cognition and environmental cognition.(2)The Cronbach’s α of all dimensions of the "Marathon Contestants Risk Perception Scale" compiled was above 0.7;The results of confirmatory factor analysis of the marathon contestants’ risk perception scale were consistent with expectations,the standardized load coefficients of each observation index were greater than 0.5,the combined reliability was greater than 0.7,and the mean variance extraction value was greater than 0.5;the correlation coefficients of the two dimensions were less than the square root of AVE,and the marathon contestants’ risk perception scale had good reliability and validity.(3)The average risk perception of marathon contestants was 2.6878,among which the marathon contestants’ own dimension was 2.7486 and the environmental perception dimension was 2.6147.(4)There were significant differences in the risk perception of marathon contestants in age,occupation,education background and race experience variables(all P<0.05).Conclusions:(1)Starting from the marathon contestants themselves,through the qualitative grounding theory,the "bottom-up" constructed marathon contestants’ risk perception dimensions include their own cognition and environmental cognition,based on which the "Marathon Contestants Risk Perception Scale"(five-level scoring standard)can be used as a measurement tool for marathon contestants’ risk cognition.(2)Through the risk perception measurement model,it can be concluded that the risk perception of marathon contestants is in the lower middle level;The level of risk cognition of marathon contestants was higher than that of environment cognition.The perception of risk was highest among younger marathon contestants;Marathon contestants with different occupations and educational backgrounds have different risk perceptions;More experienced marathon contestants had lower levels of risk perception.