The Effect Of High School Students’ Emotional And Attention Bias On Implicit And Explicit Time Perception

This study focuses on the characteristics of high school students’ time perception,and explores the factors related to high school students’ time perception from two dimensions: attention and emotion.The Positive and Negative Attention Bias Scale(APNI)and the Positive and Negative Sentiment Scale(PANAS)were used to measure the attention bias and emotional state of high school students,respectively.Experiment 1 adopts the classic implicit time perception task,according to the subject’s response to the target stimulus(neutral/negative),the perception of the interval time distance between the cue and the target stimulus is investigated,and the relationship between the implicit time perception and the attention bias feature and the positive and negative emotional state is investigated.Experiment 2 uses the time dichotomous task to measure the perception of the two ranges of time distance between the second and the second in the second of high school students,and investigates the relationship between the perception of explicit time(neutral/negative)and the attention bias feature and positive and negative emotional state.The results of experiment 1 showed that the implicit time perception of high school students was related to attention and emotional factors,which were as follows:(1)at the attention level,the positive attention bias score was significantly negatively correlated with the response under the conditions of the two stimuli types,and the negative attention bias score was significantly positively correlated with the response under the conditions of the two stimuli types;(2)At the emotional level,positive emotion scores were significantly negatively correlated with responses under the conditions of both stimuli types,and negative emotion scores were significantly positively correlated with responses under the conditions of both stimuli types.The results of experiment 2 showed that the explicit time perception of high school students was related to attention and emotional factors,which were as follows:(1)at the attention level,the positive attention bias score was negatively correlated with the subjective equality point and difference threshold under the conditions of the two stimuli types;(2)At the emotional level,the positive emotion score was significantly negatively correlated with the difference threshold and Weber score under the conditions of the two stimulus types.In summary,the results of this study show that high school students’ attention bias and positive and negative emotions affect their processing of time.First,positive attention bias and negative emotions may promote the implicit processing of temporal information in high school students,resulting in a faster response to target stimuli.Second,positive attention bias may lead to a widening of the attention gate and a decrease in temporal perceived variability,thereby overestimating the time distance.In addition,positive emotions may increase sensitivity to time perception and reduce variability.