Research On The Problem Of Urban Infant Care Service In China From The Perspective Of Welfare Pluralism

With the improvement of the level of economic development and the change of population policy,the family structure of our country has undergone profound changes.The trend of miniaturization of family size and the increase of dual-worker families has weakened the function of family care for children.The care of infants and young children aged 0-3 has become the short board and focus of people ’s livelihood.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China regards "childcare " as an important aspect of ensuring basic people ’s livelihood.As a social care and education service that supplements the insufficient care function in the family,childcare service is an important part of child welfare service.The development of childcare services can effectively reduce the cost of childcare and solve the worries of families.It is not only the only way to solve the problem of infant care,but also the key measure to adapt to the new changes in the population situation and promote active fertility support policies.Under the reality of negative population growth and continued low fertility willingness,its importance and urgency are increasingly prominent.The development of childcare services in China is still in its infancy.In the face of strong and diversified demand for childcare services,how to promote the rapid and healthy development of childcare services,improve the quality of childcare services,and reduce the pressure on family infant care has become a problem that must be faced and solved.From the perspective of welfare pluralism,this paper systematically combs the history and current situation of the development of urban infant care services in China,and uses questionnaire survey method and semi-structured interview method to carry out empirical research on infant care services,so as to understand the current supply situation of 0-3 years old infant care services and the actual needs of families.Through the analysis of the current situation of demand and supply,it is found that there are prominent problems in the imbalance of supply and demand structure of childcare services for 0-3-year-old infants and young children in China ’s cities.The specific performance is that the supply quantity cannot meet the strong demand,the supply quality cannot meet the childcare expectations,and the supply structure cannot meet the multiple needs.The double failure of government and market in the field of childcare services is the main reason for the imbalance between supply and demand structure of infant care services.In order to solve the problem of imbalance between supply and demand structure in the development of childcare services,this paper believes that under the guidance of welfare pluralism,we should pay attention to the role of multiple subjects including government,market and family,effectively integrate various subjects in the community field,give full play to the characteristics of community convenience,safety and inclusiveness,and achieve complementary advantages among multiple subjects through collaborative cooperation,so as to realize the benign development of childcare services and the improvement of service supply quality.Based on this,this paper proposes to build a public-private community care service model,that is,based on the community,through the public-private way to realize the two-way empowerment and effective cooperation between the government and the market,integrate the superior resources of all parties to improve the quality of service supply,promote the development of inclusive care services,and solve the imbalance between supply and demand structure of care services.And put forward targeted suggestions to promote the development of public private community care services : adhere to the inclusive orientation to improve service availability,improve the top-level design to promote the healthy development of the industry,strengthen multiple collaboration to meet the diverse needs of families,integrate community resources to give full play to the advantages of community platforms,so that public private community care services can better meet the needs of infant care services,solve the imbalance between supply and demand of infant care services,improve the child welfare system,and promote the healthy growth of infants and young children.