A Study On The Influencing Factors Of Fertility Paradox Of Floating Population Of Childbearing Age

According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics,China’s birth rates from 2018 to 2022 were 10.89 per thousand,10.41 per thousand,8.52 per thousand,7.52 per thousand and 6.77 per thousand,respectively,showing a downward trend and falling below 10 per thousand.This means that the "two-child policy","universal two-child policy" and even "universal three-child policy" implemented in recent years have not significantly boosted the fertility rate.The proportion of floating population in our total population is increasing year by year,and most of them are at the child-bearing age.The floating population’s birth behavior has great influence on the Chinese fertility level.Therefore,the main object of this paper is the floating population at the child-bearing age.Most of the floating population flows from economically underdeveloped areas to economically developed areas,and their fertility concept is still conservative.However,in recent years,there has been a mismatch between fertility intention and fertility behavior.Therefore,this paper explores the reasons for the deviation between reproductive intention and reproductive behavior of the floating population of childbearing age,and analyzes the relationship between each factor and the deviation from three aspects: demographic characteristics,family characteristics and child-rearing cost.In the face of the current low fertility level,in order to improve fertility level,we should not only relax the restriction on the number of births,but also formulate and implement targeted supporting policies and measures to improve fertility willingness,reduce fertility cost and transform fertility willingness into actual fertility behavior according to the influencing factors of fertility willingness and behavior.Therefore,the research of this paper is very necessary.This article uses the 2019 Chinese Social Survey(CSS)data released by the Institute of Sociology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,to study the influencing factors of fertility paradox among floating population of childbearing age through theoretical and empirical analysis,starting from three dimensions: demographic characteristics,family characteristics,and parenting costs.Firstly,clarify the relevant concepts of floating population of childbearing age and reproductive paradox,and sort out relevant research results at home and abroad.Secondly,descriptive statistical analysis is used to analyze the basic situation and reproductive paradox of the floating population of childbearing age.Then establish a multiple Logistic regression model to further explore the influencing factors of fertility paradox among floating population of childbearing age through regression analysis of selected variables.The regression results show that among the demographic characteristics of the floating population of childbearing age,age characteristics,ethnic characteristics,marital status,and work status have a significant impact on the reproductive paradox of the floating population of childbearing age;Among family characteristics,the gender structure of children and the number of family members of the floating population of childbearing age significantly affect the fertility paradox of the floating population of childbearing age;The education expenditure in the cost of childcare has a significant impact on the reproductive paradox of floating population of childbearing age.Subsequently,this article conducts a heterogeneity analysis of the influencing factors of reproductive paradox among floating population of childbearing age based on age,and analyzes the reasons for age heterogeneity.Finally,based on the empirical analysis results,this article proposes the following conclusions and recommendations: from improving the level of eugenics and childbearing services,reducing fertility costs;Actively explore the childcare subsidy system to reduce the cost of childcare;Strengthen the supply of high-quality educational resources and accelerate the improvement of the housing security system;Linking fertility with taxation to reduce the cost of childcare for individuals and businesses;Extend maternity leave and paternity leave for both parties from the perspective of gender equity,and increase male participation in childcare;Giving full play to community functions and forming a good fertility atmosphere;Develop a correct outlook on parenting and human relations.