Group Work Intervention Study On The Improvement Of Parenting Ability Of ’0-3 Years Old Infant Mothers’ In Rural Areas

0-3 years old is the key period for the formation and development of infants’ body,language,cognition,movement and emotional socialization.During this period,the implementation of appropriate education can promote the all-round development of infants and lay a solid foundation for future development.Among them,mother and her parenting ability play a huge role and are the key factors to promote the development of infants and young children.At present,there are relatively few educational resources in rural areas,and mothers of 0-3-year-old infants generally have problems in parenting ability.This study takes the mothers of 0-3-year-old infants in L village as the research object,and explores the path of group work involved in the improvement of their parenting ability.Through questionnaire survey and interview,we can understand the knowledge blind spots and pain points of mothers in the process of parenting,and find out the common problems of insufficient parenting ability,which are manifested in backward parenting concept,low awareness of parenting ability,unreasonable parenting style and parenting behavior,communication and emotional interaction need to be improved.This study makes a detailed analysis of the reasons from the micro,meso and macro levels,including their low level of education,less access to resources,low economic income,low participation of other family members,less community resources,insufficient government and social support.Through the needs assessment,it is found that mothers have the need to improve their parenting ability,obtain family emotional support,and establish mutual aid groups.Based on this,under the guidance of Erikson’s theory of psychological development stage and Bandura’s social learning theory,this study uses the professional method of group work to carry out the’mother classroom’ parenting ability improvement group,mainly from the three aspects of parenting concept,parenting style and parenting behavior.In the continuous improvement and increase,summary and reflection,the overall improvement of mother’s parenting ability has been carried out.A total of five thematic group activities have been carried out,which are’establishing relationships and building mutual assistance platforms’,’theoretical learning,improving parenting concepts’,’role playing,optimizing parenting styles’,’simulation exercises,improve parenting behavior’,’review and summarize,consolidate existing changes’.The process evaluation and result evaluation show that the group work is effective in improving the parenting ability of rural ’0-3-year-old infant mothers’,which has a positive impact on the mother’s parenting concept,style and behavior,and improves the mother’s parenting ability.The awareness and participation of family members’ parenting are gradually enhanced;the mutual aid platform helps mothers to support and learn from each other.At the end of the study,the group work involved in the improvement of mother’s parenting ability was reflected,such as the limitations of social workers themselves,the difficulty in ensuring the sustainability of group effectiveness,and the weak social support system.In view of its shortcomings,this study puts forward feasible suggestions from three levels: micro,meso and macro.At the micro level,it is necessary to improve mother’s self-learning ability and encourage family members to assume parenting responsibilities;at the meso level,we should strengthen the cultivation of social workers,improve their professional ability,establish a social support network,and assist the community to provide long-term effective and diversified support;at the macro level,it advocates the government to implement relevant policies and increase government support for the community.