Research On The Implementation Mode Of Labor Skills Curriculum In Schools For Mental Retardation

Labor education is the starting point and foothold for achieving the integration of five educations,which can effectively solve the development dilemma of students’ physical and mental dualism caused by the "emphasis on intelligence but not labor" in the long-term development process of education.Currently,labor education is gradually shifting from labor oriented to curriculum oriented.As a means of implementing labor education,school curriculum shoulders the core task of labor education in the new era.The labor skills curriculum in schools for the mentally retarded is the main carrier for the implementation of labor education.It should assume the important task of educating people through labor,play an effective role in the implementation of the labor skills curriculum,cultivate students’ independent or semi independent living abilities,and lay a good foundation for equal participation in social life.Currently,research on the implementation of labor skills courses in mentally retarded schools focuses more on the lower and upper grades,while research on the middle grades is relatively insufficient,forcing the middle grades to be in a vague territory and tend to be marginalized in the implementation of labor skills courses.In order to effectively improve the current difficulties in the implementation of labor skills courses in middle school students,the study focused on the distinctive "one body,two wings" model of Grade 4-6 in Hebei A School as a research case.Through interviews,observation,and physical analysis,relevant data were collected to deeply explore the current situation of the implementation model of labor skills courses in case study schools,analyze its existing problems and reasons,propose optimization strategies,and upgrade on the basis of this model,With a view to providing reference for schools for the development of labor skills courses.This study mainly discusses the implementation of the "one body,two wings" model in the labor skills curriculum of mentally retarded schools from four parts: model description,current situation analysis,problem analysis,and optimization strategies.Firstly,the study describes the implementation model of the "one body,two wings" labor skills curriculum in case schools from three aspects: the implementation background,the implementation guarantee conditions,and the analysis of the connotation of the model.Secondly,from the perspective of "one body" and "two wings",the author explores the current situation of the implementation mode of labor skills courses,and finds that its advantages are reflected in:setting goals based on the learning situation and curriculum standards,layering according to students’ abilities,and constructing three-dimensional teaching goals;The content of different sections has their own emphasis,highlighting daily life as a whole;The types of teaching organizations are diverse,the organizational conditions are basically met,and the advantages of different organizational forms are brought into play;The dynamic and static combination of teaching evaluation and the flexible reward mechanism have formed a teaching reflection and group mutual evaluation feedback mechanism;Give full play to the value of comprehensive activities to make up for the lack of classroom teaching;Relying on the penetration of disciplines to point to future life.However,the implementation of the "one body,two wings" model in the labor skills curriculum in School A has a low level of teaching goal orientation and a one-sided goal formulation;The teaching content is simple and repetitive,the thematic module arrangement is general,and the compensation effect is not obvious;The implementation of teaching organizational forms lacks innovation,and the matching of content and form is highly subjective;Teaching evaluation indicators are unbalanced and evaluation implementation is difficult;Insufficient excavation of labor elements and poor penetration effect;The implementation of comprehensive activities is not controllable,and activities tend to be formalized.The reasons for the above problems are: the understanding of curriculum standards is superficial,and students are highly heterogeneous;The professional quality of teachers is insufficient,and it is difficult to unify the requirements of home and school;Teachers’ educational concepts are backward,and labor practice bases inside and outside the school are lacking;The evaluation mechanism is not sound,and the participation of the main body is insufficient;Lack of support and guarantee for discipline infiltration;Lack of overall planning for activity arrangements;Teachers’ awareness of inquiry is weak.In the future,the implementation of labor skills courses in schools for the mentally retarded can learn from the development experience of the "one body,two wings" model,and further optimize and improve it.It requires teachers to clarify the needs of students and reasonably establish teaching objectives;Benchmarking teaching objectives and constructing labor projects;Promoting the guarantee of teaching conditions to meet teaching needs;Optimizing evaluation standards and standardizing evaluation mechanisms;Strengthen teacher training and improve teachers’ professional quality;Infiltration and excavation of labor education elements in various disciplines.