The Impact Of OFDI And Industrial Intelligent Applications On China’s Manufacturing Employment

In recent years,China’s manufacturing technology has been continuously progressing,and the manufacturing industry is transforming and upgrading..In general,the growth of manufacturing will create more jobs.However,from the development experience of developed countries such as the United States and Japan,in the process of manufacturing transformation and foreign direct investment,there is usually industrial migration and the replacement of labor with new technologies.Both scenarios could reduce manufacturing employment and exacerbate employment pressures.This paper takes industrial intelligence application as a proxy variable of technological progress,and uses the data of listed manufacturing companies from 2010 to 2019 to examine the impact of OFDI and industrial intelligence application on enterprise labor volume and employment structure.In order to verify from the micro level whether there is a double employment squeeze of transfer effect and substitution effect in the current process of China’s manufacturing industry upgrading,provide micro evidence for judging China’s macro employment pattern,and provide scientific basis for formulating corresponding policies.This article focuses on the following issues:(1)The impact of China’s manufacturing enterprises’ foreign direct investment on local labor volume and employment structure.Does the enterprise’s foreign direct investment reduce the local employment through industrial transfer or increase the local employment through industrial expansion? Is there a difference in the impact on differentiated workforce employment?(2)The impact of enterprise industrial intelligence application on local labor volume and labor structure.Does AI technology reduce employment through labor substitution or drive enterprise expansion and employment growth through technology upgrading? Are there structural differences in their impacts?(3)There is a mediating effect in the application of industrial intelligence,that is,OFDI will promote the expansion of manufacturing employment by promoting the level of industrial intelligent application.This paper adopts the ideas of fact description,mechanism analysis and data empirical evidence to examine the impact of OFDI and industrial intelligence application on China’s manufacturing employment.On the whole,it is divided into six chapters.The first chapter of introduction,first research background,then talk about the meaning of research,research content,research methods,and finally talk about innovation.Chapter 2 introduces the relevant concepts and organizes the relevant theories.Chapter 3 describes the current situation of China’s foreign direct investment,industrial intelligent application and manufacturing employment,and measures the penetration index of industrial robots.Chapter 4 expounds the influence mechanism of OFDI and industrial intelligence application on manufacturing employment from the theoretical level,and puts forward research hypotheses.Chapter 5,this paper takes industrial intelligence application as the proxy variable of technological progress of manufacturing enterprises,measures the degree of industrial intelligence application of manufacturing enterprises by using it,and take the data of listed manufacturing companies from 2010 to 2019 to test the impact of foreign direct investment and industrial intelligence application on enterprise labor volume and employment structure,To verify whether the dual employment squeeze of transfer effect and substitution effect also exists in the current upgrading process of China’s manufacturing industry from the micro level,provide micro evidence for the judgment of China’s macro employment form,and provide scientific basis for the formulation of corresponding policies.Chapter 6 synthesizes the results of the previous research and concludes the conclusions of the full text:In terms of the impact on the scale of employment:(1)There is a creative effect of OFDI on the scale of manufacturing employment.(2)The improvement of industrial intelligent applications will promote the increase in manufacturing employment.(3)There is a mediating effect on the impact of industrial intelligence applications on the scale of outward FDI on manufacturing employment,that is,OFDI will promote the expansion of manufacturing employment scale by promoting industrial intelligent applications.In terms of the impact on employment structure:(1)It is uncertain regarding the impact of OFDI on the structure of manufacturing employment.Specifically,foreign direct investment will inhibit the employment of labor force with low education level in manufacturing enterprises and the employment of labor force in production sectors,promote the employment of labor force with high education level,and have no significant impact on the employment of labor force in technical sectors.(2)The application of industrial intelligence will promote the employment of low level education labor force in manufacturing industry and the completion of labor force in production sector,and inhibit the employment of high level education labor force and technology sector labor force.(3)The application of industrial intelligence significantly suppresses the negative impact of OFDI on low-level employment,high-level labor employment,and labor employment in the production sector.Suggestions are made at the end of the article: enterprises continue to invest in foreign direct investment,increase investment in innovation and research and development,improve the intelligent level of manufacturing,standardize vocational education and talent training systems,and improve the labor employment guarantee mechanism.