Structural Evolution Of Migrant Workers’ Employment Space In Big Cities From The Perspective Of Gender Differences

With the development of social economy,all sectors of society pay more and more attention to vulnerable groups.As a long-standing group of migrant workers in society,their employment space has become a typical sample and key path to study urban space.However,the research on the employment space of migrant workers has been dominated by the concept of "gender independence".It is necessary to study the characteristics of the evolution of migrant workers’ employment space from a gender perspective.Based on the existing research on migrant workers,women’s employment space and other relevant theories,this paper takes gender differences as the perspective,takes migrant workers in the main urban area of Nanjing as the research object,and uses the survey data in 2009,2015 and 2021 to explore the evolution characteristics of the employment space differentiation of male and female migrant workers from the two aspects of the employment space noumenon and the relationship between occupation and residence space,and analyzes the influencing factors of the differentiation evolution,Targeted space optimization strategy is proposed.Gender differences in the ontological evolution of migrant workers’ employment space in Nanjing: using the analysis methods of employment density,gender zoning matrix and spatial autocorrelation,this paper discusses the differentiated evolution characteristics of male and female migrant workers’ employment density(distribution),gender dominated zoning(isolation)and employment center structure(agglomeration).Gender differences in the evolution of the spatial relationship between work and housing of migrant workers in Nanjing: using the methods of SPSS comparative mean,commuter efficiency measurement and job housing balance classification matrix,this paper discusses the individual commuting behavior(commuting distance,commuting time and commuting mode)and the relationship between work and housing balance(commuting efficiency,dislocation of work and housing,division of work and housing balance).Spatial dilemma,influencing factors and optimization strategies: compared with men,the dependency characteristics of female migrant workers in the employment space are particularly prominent,and the housing confinement characteristics of female migrant workers in the relationship between job and residence are more obvious.Moreover,the spatial evolution trend has a turning point in 2021,and female migrant workers are more severely affected by the epidemic.From the perspective of gender,the evolution and existing plight of migrant workers’ employment space are affected by industrial development,city construction,policy system,social culture and COVID-19.We should formulate spatial optimization strategies and solutions for differentiated gender needs.