| With the development of the Mobile Internet technology and the popularity of short videos,the number of short video usagers in China is increasing rapidly and showing a trend of younger age.According to a new report released by the China Internet Network Information Center in 2022,the number of underage netizens in my country has reached183 million.It is worth noting that more than one-third of primary school students have started to use the Internet in preschool,and the trend is increasing year by year,and children are using the Internet for the first time at a younger age.Existing studies have shown that excessive media use can affect the development of parent-child attachment,and the need of belonging may be an important factor affecting its role.Excessive media use will reduce the level of individuals’ belonging needs in real life,while low belonging needs may have a negative impact on young children’s parent-child attachment.As an important protective factor of parent-child attachment,family function may mitigate the negative effects of excessive media use on parent-child attachment.Most previous studies have focused on the effects of Internet addiction and Mobile Phone Dependence on parent-child attachment,but no empirical research has been conducted on the short video usage behavior of young children.In view of this,this study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine the mediating effect of the need of belonging in the intensity of short video usage and parent-child attachment,as well as whether family function has a moderating effect on this mediating effect,so as to clarify the protective factors for the healthy use of short videos by young children and the establishment of a good parentchild attachment relationship,in order to provide reference for future research.This study adopts the method of cluster sampling,selects 4 kindergartens in Chengdu and Neijiang,and selects 6 classes of children in each kindergarten,and selects 6 classes of children in each kindergarten,with 2 classes in each of the small class,the middle class and the large class,as the research object of this study.Questionnaire survey was used to understand children’s short video usage intensity,belonging needs,family function,parent-child attachment,and SPSS 26.0 and macro program Process 3.5 were used to analyze and explore the relationship between them.The results of the study found:(1)There are significant differences in the intensity of short video usage,parentchild attachment,and the need of belonging in terms of age,whether the only child,parents’ educational background,and whether parents are employed,but there is no significant difference in children’s gender.There are significant differences in family intimacy in terms of children’s age,parents’ educational background and whether parents are employed,but there are no significant differences in children’s gender and whether they are only children.There were significant differences in family adaptability in terms of parents’ educational background and whether parents were employed,but there were no significant differences in children’s gender,age,and whether they were only children.Specifically,the intensity of short video usage of children aged 3-4 is significantly lower than that of children of other ages,while the need of belonging and parent-child attachment are significantly higher than those of children of other ages;the intensity of short video usage of non-only-child children is significantly lower than that of only-child children,and the need of belonging and parent-child attachment are significantly higher than those for only-child children;the intensity of short video usage of children with parents with a master’s degree or above is significantly lower than that of children with parents of other educational levels,while the need of belonging and parent-child attachment are significantly higher than those of parents with other educational levels The intensity of short video usage of children of working parents was significantly lower than that of children of non-working parents,and the need of belonging and parent-child attachment were significantly higher than those of children of non-working parents.The family intimacy of children aged 3-4 is significantly higher than that of children in other age groups,the family intimacy and family adaptability of parents with a master’s degrees or above are significantly higher than those of parents with other educational levels,and the family intimacy and family adaptability of working parents are significantly higher than those of non-working parents.(2)The intensity of short video usage was significantly negatively correlated with the need of belonging and parent-child attachment,the need of belonging was significantly positively correlated with parent-child attachment,family intimacy and family adaptability were significantly negatively correlated with the intensity of short video usage,and significantly positively correlated with the need of belonging and parentchild attachment related.(3)The need of belonging to play a partial mediating role between the intensity of short video usage and parent-child attachment.The intensity of short video usage can directly affect parent-child attachment,and it can also indirectly affect parent-child attachment through the need of belonging.(4)The mediating effect of the need of belonging between the intensity of short video usage and parent-child attachment was moderated by family intimacy and family adaptability.Family intimacy and family adaptability negatively moderated the negative predictive effect of the intensity of short video usage on the need of belonging,and it also negatively moderated the positive predictive effect of the need of belonging on parentchild attachment,and then family adaptability positively moderated the negative predictive effect of the intensity of short video usage on parent-child attachment.Based on the above research results,this study has the following implications for the educational practice of good parent-child attachment in young children: First,the intensity of short video usage has a negative predictive effect on parent-child attachment,which suggests that parents and educators should pay attention to reasonably controlling the time and frequency of short video usage by children to ensure a reasonable intensity of short video usage;and guide and develop correct usage habits;and parents should help choose suitable short video content for children’s entertainment;and relevant short video software developers should set software modes suitable for children to use.Second,the need of belonging has a positive predictive effect on parent-child attachment and mediates the relationship between the intensity of short video usage and parent-child attachment,which suggests that parents and educators should respect children,and be keenly aware of and respond to children’s psychology in daily life;and actively encourage children to participate more in social activities,develop children’s connections with others in activities,and establish harmonious interpersonal relationships;also focus on cultivating children’s individual social qualities and communication skills,help children learn to actively communicate in different environments to meet their attribution needs.Third,family intimacy and family adaptability have a positive predictive effect on parent-child attachment and moderate the intensity of short video usage and parent-child relationship,which suggests that parents and educators should actively carry out family activities that family members participate in together and strengthen communication between family members;also pay attention to positive expectations and appropriate care among family members,pay attention to emotional investment,and create a harmonious family environment;and actively solve family affairs and problems,effectively deal with adverse risk events,and improve family adaptability. |
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