The Relationship Between Parental Control And High School Students’ Future Orientation:The Mediating Role Of Hope And Interpretive Style

High school students are in the transition from adolescence to adulthood.At this stage,their yearning and planning for the future is what we call the future orientation of the academic field.However,in real life,high school students are faced with the pressure of "admission to higher education" and the "expectations" of their parents.These two forces have invisibly brought great mental health problems to high school students.Therefore,in the face of stress,positive explanations and a sense of hope for the future are especially important for high school students.Recent studies have found that family factors have a certain predictive effect on adolescents’ future educational orientation.Teenagers in high school,on the one hand,integrate into the family environment and are influenced by their parents;on the other hand,they are full of hope for the future,but also mixed with worries.Therefore,how these two aspects play a role in the future orientation of high school students is a question worthy of attention.The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between parental control and the future orientation of high school students,based on the Future-oriented Process Model,guided by Family System Theory,combined with Self-Determination Theory and Hope Theory.The study was guided by Family System Theory and combined with Self-Determination Theory and Hope Theory to develop a theoretical framework for this study.In the qualitative study,semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 high school students to demonstrate the interaction process between parents and their high school children in future orientation.In the quantitative study,an empirical study was conducted with480 high school students using a whole group sampling method to collect data related to parental control,high school students’ future orientation,hope and explaining style.The findings of the study were as follows:1.The results of correlation analysis showed that parental psychological control and behavioral control were significantly negatively correlated with the three variables of hope,positive explanation and future orientation.Among them,parental psychological control had the highest negative correlation with future orientation.Hope and positive explanations have a significant positive effect on future orientation,and the positive correlation level of hope is the highest.2.The results of regression analysis showed that parental psychological control and parental behavioral control were both significant negative predictors of high school students’ future orientation,while hope Sense and positive interpretation were both significant positive predictors of future orientation for high school students.3.The results of the mediation effect showed that the sense of hope played a partial mediating role in parental psychological control and behavior control and the future orientation of high school students,respectively.Among them,inducing guilt,withdrawing concern and limiting control were significantly indirect through the sense of hope.Affect the future orientation of high school students(the restrictive restraint is the strongest effect).Positive explanation played a partial mediating role in parental psychological control and behavior control and the future orientation of high school students.Among them,inducing guilt and restrictive restraint significantly affected the future orientation of high school students indirectly through positive explanation and restrictive restraints(the restrictive restraint is the strongest effect).4.Difference analysis results showed that parents’ psychological and behavioral control,sense of hope,positive interpretation and future orientation were not significantly different in terms of students’ gender,grade,and family economic status.Based on the above research results,this research puts forward the following constructive suggestions for improving the future orientation of high school students:1.Parents should learn to think differently and communicate well and effectively in the process of building intimate relationships with their children.Pay attention to the inner psychological needs of their children,provide effective guidance for their development,increase parental autonomy and expand external support for high school students.2.It is suggested that families,schools and individuals can form a joint force,and families and schools cooperate with each other to create a good environment,so as to promote the positive quality development of high school students,help them to enhance their sense of hope,and then deal with opportunities and challenge in life with a more positive attitude.