Analysis On Changes Of Resources Allocation Of Rural Physical Education Teachers During Compulsory Education In Henan Province From 2016 To 2021

Since the fifth Plenary Session of the 15 th CPC Central Committee proposed "urbanization",China has entered the process of urbanization construction.Then the report of the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that the popularization of compulsory education should be accelerated,all kinds of resources of compulsory education should be rationally allocated,and the preference should be increased to remote and township areas and counties.Under the background of government instructions and accelerating urbanization construction,township and rural education should closely follow the national strategy and rationally optimize the allocation of township and rural education resources.At the same time,rural physical education as a part of township education,rural teachers resource allocation also directly affects the development of township education in the process of urbanization construction.As an important component of school education,school PHYSICAL education is an important part to realize the balanced development of education.As the core of education resources,teacher resources are the premise to ensure the normal development of school physical education activities.Therefore,it is very important to study the allocation of physical education teachers resources in rural compulsory education to promote the balanced development of compulsory education and promote education equity.This study discusses the changes and problems of rural PE teacher resource allocation in compulsory education period from 2016 to 2021 in Henan Province,finds out the reasons that restrict the development of PE teacher resource in rural primary and secondary schools in Henan Province,and further provides a basis for how to rationally allocate and carry out basic education.In this paper,using the method of questionnaire investigation and field survey,with a total of 20 counties(county-level city)area in henan province was conducted in 40 rural primary and secondary school physical education teachers,the school in 2016-2021 years of physical education teacher resources allocation situation in-depth investigation,and the analysis of survey results data according to the following conclusions:(Ⅰ)Development status: 1)Changes in quantity and allocation: the sequential growth of teacher/class ratio in recent five years shows a trend of rapid growth in the early stage and slow growth in the late stage,and the number of teachers leading classes,weekly class hours and weekly training times show an upward trend;2)Changes in personnel structure: the number of female teachers has increased,and their age has become younger.Their graduation majors are mainly in physical education,and the structure of their graduation institutions is relatively stable.The proportion of enrolled teachers is decreasing slowly year by year,while the proportion of intermediate and senior professional teachers is increasing.3)Changes in the quality of teachers: the highest award level has a trend of slow increase,the development of scientific research work is flat,and the level and frequency of training show an upward trend;4)Comparison between primary schools and junior high schools: Junior high schools are better than primary schools in the proportion of full-time teachers and the proportion of teachers and classes,but more than primary schools in the distribution of work;Junior middle school is better than primary school in graduation specialty and college structure,but the vocational grade structure is worse than primary school.Junior middle school is better than primary school in scientific research and training,but not as good as primary school in awards.(2)Main problems: 1)The age of teachers is excessively young.The overall age structure of PE teachers tends to be younger,but it is easy to lack the help and guidance of older teachers,which is not conducive to the inheritance and development of PE teaching.2)The title structure is saturated at the top.The professional grade of teachers is mainly concentrated in the primary level,but the proportion of intermediate and senior teachers shows an increasing trend and gradually maintains above the national standard line(the proportion of intermediate and senior teachers is 38% and 2%).3)Insufficient number of full-time teachers and heavy work.The proportion of full-time teachers is low,the overall teacher-student ratio is lower than the national minimum requirement(1:200),but the teacher-class ratio is higher than the national minimum requirement(1:7).The overall distribution of teachers’ work is relatively heavy,and the number of classes,weekly class hours and weekly training times show an increasing trend in the development of the recent 5 years.5)Teachers lack the awareness and ability of professional scientific research.The overall teachers’ scientific research work lags behind,nearly 90% of teachers have not published papers,the level of scientific research ability is low,the number and grade of papers is poor;5)Fewer training opportunities and single form.The training level is concentrated in the city,county and township school levels,the training frequency is less,many teachers did not participate in the training.(3)Suggestions and countermeasures: 1)In view of the problem of excessively young teachers,the measures of "helping and supporting" should be carried out according to the actual situation,so as to redistribute the work of old teachers and give full play to the surplus heat of education of old teachers.2)In view of the saturation of the top level of professional title structure and the heavy work of teachers,appropriate support and preference should be given to teachers who have worked in rural areas for a long time when evaluating professional titles.At the same time,reduce teachers’ working pressure and increase salary.3)In view of the weak scientific research consciousness of PE teachers in rural primary and secondary schools,strengthen the leading and incentive mechanism.Scientific research should be regarded as a prerequisite for career evaluation and promotion evaluation,and be supported and encouraged both materially and spiritually.4)In terms of training,we should open up ways for PE teachers’ vocational education and career development.Teachers go out for training and experts come in for guidance.5)At the same time,we should establish and perfect the assessment system for the professional development of PE teachers,improve the quality of teachers,take the professional development of teachers as the evaluation standard for the appointment and assessment of teachers,and improve the enthusiasm of teachers’ vocational education and career development.