Research On Pension,Intergenerational Economic Support And Labour Participation Of The Urban Elderly

According to the seventh national census data,the proportion of people aged 60 and over in my country is 18.7%,which is 5.44 percentage points higher than that in 2010.The proportion of people aged 65 and over is 13.5%,and the aging of the population is further deepened.The increase in the number of elderly people has increased the economic pressure on the operation of the pension system.In order to solve the social problem of population aging,the Chinese government is trying to implement a policy of delayed retirement.Therefore,the labor participation behavior of the elderly has attracted attention.The labor participation behavior of the elderly is not only affected by the maximization of personal utility,but also by family status.So,how does pension affect the labor participation of the elderly? Will intergenerational support at the family level affect the labor participation behavior of the elderly? Will pensions change the intergenerational economic support within the family?In order to answer the above questions,this study uses mixed cross-sectional data composed of CHARLS 2015 and 2018 data,and divides the elderly into two groups: 60-69 years old and over 70 years old.Intergenerational economic support is reflected by the amount of economic exchanges between parents and children and parents,and labor participation is measured by whether the urban elderly receive labor compensation in the labor process.Pension refers to the sum of various pensions received by the elderly each month.Combining individual labor supply theory,family system theory,altruism and exchangeism,and family labor supply theory,this study explains the mechanism of action.The empirical analysis mainly includes two aspects.On the one hand,whether the urban elderly participate in labor is used as a dependent variable,and the Logistic model is used to analyze the impact of pension levels on urban elderly labor participation,and the impact of intergenerational economic support on urban elderly labor participation,and then divide intergenerational economic support into positive intergenerational economic support and reverse intergenerational economic support,and analyze the impact of pensions on intergenerational economic support from two aspects;On the other hand,based on the analysis of the relationship between the three main variables,the mediation effect model is used to verify the conduction effect of reverse intergenerational economic support between pensions and urban elderly labor participation.Studies have shown that pensions affect the labor participation behavior of urban elderly people,and those with lower pension income are more likely to participate in labor;Intergenerational economic support affects the labor participation behavior of the urban elderly.The greater the amount of intergenerational economic support provided by the elderly to their children,the greater the possibility of the elderly participating in labor;As an intermediary variable,reverse intergenerational economic support plays a certain role in the process of pensions’ participation in the labor of the elderly,which is manifested in a certain degree of masking effect;Pension income affects the amount and direction of intergenerational economic support.This study reveals and demonstrates the impact of pensions on the labor participation of the urban elderly and the intermediary role played by intergenerational economic support.The research on the labor participation behavior of the elderly can be a gradual retirement plan in China’s future retirement policy.Providing a certain basis will also help us to re-understand intergenerational support and think about building a new type of intergenerational relationship.