Study On The Fertility Willingness And Influencing Factors Of Grass Roots Female Civil Servants In S City Under The Three Child Policy

In May 2021,the state promulgated and implemented the policy that a couple can have three children,further easing the limit on the number of children,that is,the "Three-child" policy.In 2016,the Two-child policy has been fully liberalized.The birth rate has decreased year by year from 13.56 ‰ in 2016 to 8.52 ‰ in 2020,which has not achieved the desired policy effect.In 2021,China’s birth rate will again decrease to 7.52 ‰,the lowest since the founding of China.Solving the problem of low fertility is also becoming the top priority of governments at all levels.This paper takes the grass-roots female civil servants in S city as the research object,and mainly analyzes the reproductive intentions of grass-roots female civil servants with the help of cost utility theory and rational choice theory.The survey sample mainly adopts the method of random sampling.A total of 260 questionnaires were issued and 251 were returned,with a recovery rate of 96.5%,including 236 valid questionnaires.SPSS26.0 was used to analyze the collected data,and the binary linear regression equation was used to explain the significance and effect of different variables on the willingness to have three children.The empirical analysis results show that among the personal factors of female civil servants at the grassroots level,age and education level have a negative impact on the three child childbearing desire,that is,the older the women are,the higher their education level is,the lower their childbearing desire is.Among family factors,grandparents’ support and housing area have a positive impact on the childbearing willingness of three children.The greater the grandparents’ support,the larger the housing area,the greater the childbearing willingness of three children;However,the amount of housework has a negative impact on the willingness of three children to have children.Among the job factors,job satisfaction and the support of the unit have a positive impact on the willingness to have three children;Work pressure has a negative effect on the third child’s fertility intention.In order to improve the willingness of three children to have children,the countermeasures and suggestions given in this paper specifically include: supporting intergenerational care to reduce family pressure;Implement flexible working system and improve supporting facilities;We will improve the housing policy and ensure that families with more children live.