| Ageing is a major problem worldwide and countries are paying more and more attention to the issue of ageing.China,as the world’s most populous country,has experienced unprecedented economic prosperity since the reform and opening up of the country,which has led to an increasingly high standard of living and a huge improvement in the health of its people,and a significant increase in life expectancy.Nowadays,due to the increasing frequency of population movement and declining fertility rate,the problem of ageing is becoming more and more prominent in different regions,so it is extremely important to study the spatial distribution of China’s ageing population and the level of ageing in different regions.This thesis adopts a spatial statistical method and uses the mapping feature of Arc GIS software to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of the elderly population in each province of China from different perspectives.The paper also introduces the geographical concentration and matching degree models to further analyse the matching relationship between the elderly population and the resources of the elderly population in each province in China,in order to provide suggestions for solving the allocation problem of the elderly population in China.This thesis firstly analyses the distribution characteristics of the elderly population under different indicators,and uses spatial data statistical methods to analyse the spatial distribution characteristics of the elderly population by gender,urban and rural areas,residence status,health level,main source of livelihood,education level and the proportion of households with elderly population,and the spatial correlation characteristics of the elderly population coefficients,to obtain the distribution characteristics of the elderly population under different indicators in each province.The spatial autocorrelation analysis of the population coefficients shows that there is spatial correlation in population ageing in China,specifically in the form of spatial aggregation of population ageing,but the correlation between the elderly population coefficients and spatial distribution shows an overall trend of weakening over time.This paper then analyses the current situation of the allocation of elderly resources in China,constructs a comprehensive index model of the allocation of elderly resources by collecting relevant data from all provinces in China in 2020,and establishes a comprehensive evaluation system based on this,and finally analyses the current situation of the allocation of elderly resources in different regions and the allocation differences between regions through the ranking of the comprehensive index to further analyse the differences in the allocation of elderly resources in different regions.Through the analysis of the comprehensive index system,it is found that different regions differ significantly in the allocation of elderly care resources firstly,and secondly in each of the three aspects of living services,healthcare and activity environment,with more obvious differences under different indexes.The paper concludes with an in-depth analysis of the matching relationship between the ageing population and the allocation of elderly care resources in each province of China by constructing a matching degree model.Firstly,by calculating the geographical concentration of the elderly population and the geographic concentration of elderly care services,the degree of the geographical distribution of the elderly population and elderly care services is reflected on a geographical scale,on the basis of which the degree of matching of the elderly population and elderly care services is computed by the matching degree formula,and the degree of matching of the elderly population and elderly care services is further investigated.The results show that only Tibet,Qinghai,Ningxia,Hainan,Xinjiang,Beijing,Tianjin and Gansu have a matching relationship between the elderly population and the elderly resources,while the other provinces have a matching relationship and a lagging relationship.Finally,by exploring the matching relationship between the elderly population and the allocation of elder care resources,we make scientific and reasonable managerial suggestions for the allocation of elder care resources in each of China’s provinces.The main recommendations include three aspects:(1)to introduce and improve relevant policies and legal systems.Construct and improve the legal system for social elderly services,formulate corresponding healthcare programmes for the elderly and some specific groups,establish a community-based healthcare service system for the elderly and some specific groups,continuously improve medical facilities and the quality of medical services,and explore a medical elderly community service model that integrates medical treatment,prevention,healthcare,rehabilitation and spiritual comfort.(2)Implement national family planning policies.Accelerate the improvement of community health service facilities,organically integrate all aspects of the service process,and continuously improve the quality of community health services;increase the proportion of medical expenditure for "three children",strengthen emergency services for "three children",and enhance the quality of emergency services for "three children"."To meet the needs of the three children,funds are allocated for the construction of primary and secondary schools,kindergartens and nurseries.(3)Vigorously promote the development of the elderly care industry.To promote the development of the elderly industry,we need to encourage and nurture more elderly industries according to the actual situation,so as to form a closed-loop elderly industry chain that can meet the needs of the elderly.The state should introduce timely laws relating to social welfare,prevent market risks,combat fraud,regulate trading practices,and allocate social resources for the elderly through the market in accordance with the relationship between supply and demand. |
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