Research On The Allocation And Distribution Of Elderly Service Facilities In Kaifeng Under Aging Background

With the development of social economy,a series of problems arise in today’s world due to the rapid growth of population and the aggravation of population aging.According to the Statistical Yearbook of Kaifeng city,by the end of 2018,the city’s resident population aged 65 and above was 575,000,accounting for 12.6 percent of the city’s resident population and entering the aging stage.Due to the increase in the number of the elderly population and the gradual deepening of the aging degree,the demand for old-age services increases,which leads to the obvious insufficiency of old-age service facilities provided by the society.As an intermediate medium,the two ends of supply and demand are respectively connected with institutions providing old-age services and the elderly population with old-age needs.As a medium-sized city with a long history,Kaifeng city can better reflect its spatial distribution characteristics in the research on the street scale elderly population and the allocation of elderly service facilities.For this reason,this article takes Kaifeng city 37 street(township and town)as the study unit,using,the 2010 Chinese population census data in 2000 and 2018 points of township,town,street data Kaifeng city street census data,using two different ageing rate,aging population density aging degree index space analysis,explore the Kaifeng city street(township and town)aging time and space distribution and evolution of spatial and temporal correlation.According to the survey results of the elderly people’s willingness to provide for the aged,the paper analyzes the willingness of different groups to choose service facilities for the aged.The results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2018,the aging rate of all streets in Kaifeng city continued to increase,and the peak of the trend curve shifted to the southwest.Based on the elderly population density analysis,it is known that the elderly population density in the main urban area of Kaifeng city has increased in the past ten years,and the spatial distribution pattern presents the feature of "central-periphery" circle diffusion and meets the requirements of a single-center Smeed population density model.(2)From 2000 to 2018,the aging rate of all streets in Kaifeng city showed significant spatial clustering characteristics.From 2000 to 2010,the spatial clustering degree increased,while from 2010 to 2018,the agglomeration effect weakened,and the distribution of elderly population in all streets gradually tended to be balanced.(3)Based on the analysis of the elderly’s willingness to provide for the aged,the elderly in the main urban areas are more willing to choose the elderly service facilities than in the suburbs.The elderly are more likely to be supported by traditional families than middle-aged people.With the development of time,the increasing number of elderly population and the change of social ideology,there is a potential demand for old-age service facilities.According to the acquired information such as the nature,scale allocation and geographical location of the elderly service facilities,this paper analyzes the current situation of the configuration and spatial distribution of the elderly service facilities in Kaifeng city,and USES the two-step mobile search method(2SFCA)to explore the accessibility of the elderly service facilities in Kaifeng city,and analyzes the fairness of the elderly service facilities in Kaifeng city through the location entropy method.The results show that:(1)Elderly care facilities are generally small in scale,with insufficient facilities and staff,and low service level.(2)The service level of pension service institutions of different scales is different.(3)The spatial distribution of the elderly care facilities in Kaifeng city is characterized by the agglomeration of the main urban area and the dispersion of the suburbs.(4)The accessibility and fairness of the elderly care facilities in the old urban areas,northern and western regions with concentrated population are relatively low.Therefore,resources should be integrated,adjusted and added to the elderly care facilities in these regions.Combination of Kaifeng city will present distribution of aging population,pension and pension service facilities configuration and the layout of the status quo,Kaifeng city pension service facilities can be used "community elderly day care center + endowment institutions,community health service station" the three combination of each other,in the embedded mode of pension service facilities,for to combine in the construction of old-age service facilities,can adopt the three Shared services model.In the face of different pension needs,the key is to integrate resources and realize the model of composite pension service provision.The allocation and spatial optimization of pension service facilities should be classified according to needs.Integrate resources to achieve more diversified ways of providing old-age care services;Optimize the structure system of existing elderly service facilities;From the perspective of demand,the spatial distribution of elderly care facilities should be rationally planned according to the principles of convenience and fairness in the service circle.