A Study On Influencing Factors And Incentive Policies Of People Of Childbearing Age In Beijing Under The Three-Child Policy

In recent years,the continuous decline in China’s fertility rate and the deepening of population aging have highlighted the population issue.In order to change the population structure,actively respond to population aging,and promote long-term balanced population development,the country has successively implemented the two-child policy and the three-child policy.However,the adjustment of the fertility policy has had limited effects,and the current low fertility situation has not been significantly improved.Fertility intention,as a precursor variable of fertility behavior,can to some extent predict the fertility rate in the future.Understanding the fertility intention of the childbearing-age population and analyzing the factors that influence fertility intention are of great significance for improving China’s fertility situation.In order to increase the fertility intention of the childbearing-age population and translate fertility intention into actual fertility behavior,this study takes Beijing as an example.Through the distribution of questionnaires to the childbearing-age population in Beijing,the current status of fertility intention among this population is investigated.After collecting the data,the SPSS 26 statistical analysis software is used to process the questionnaire survey results.The chi-square test is employed to analyze the correlation between fertility intention and various influencing factors.Additionally,combined with in-depth interviews,the study explores the influencing factors of fertility intention from economic,policy,social,and cultural perspectives.By studying exemplary national fertility incentive policies and drawing lessons from their multiple forms of cash subsidies,a comprehensive maternity leave system,and diversified childcare services,the study proposes five policy considerations to enhance the fertility intention of the childbearing-age population,taking into account the national conditions of China:increasing economic support,improving supporting policies related to childbirth,vigorously developing universal childcare institutions,protecting women’s employment rights and benefits,and strengthening policy promotion and guidance.