| After entering the 21st century,the number of public health emergencies worldwide is increasing.For example,the global outbreak of SARS virus in 2003,Ebola virus in 2014,Zika virus in 2016,novel coronavirus in 2020,and influenza A(H1N1)in 2023.Therefore,the emergency management ability in the face of public health emergencies is one of the key research contents of each country.The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to improve the public health system,improve the ability to detect major epidemics early,strengthen the construction of the prevention,control,and treatment system for major epidemics and emergency response capabilities,and effectively curb the spread of major infectious diseases.From the perspective of the dissemination process and socio-economic development of public health events in Heilongjiang Province,these sudden events have a negative impact on people’s life safety,socio-economic development,social stability,etc.How to better respond to public health emergencies is still an urgent issue for local governments to address.Therefore,it is necessary to study the current emergency management measures in Heilongjiang Province,which has a far-reaching impact on improving the government’s emergency response capacity and comprehensive governance capacity.Based on the above background,taking the emergency management of public health emergencies as the starting point and taking Heilongjiang Province as the research object,this paper defines and sorts out the concepts and relevant theories of public health emergencies and public health emergency management,and analyzes the current situation of the government emergency management laws and regulations gradually coming out of power,the government emergency management mechanism continuously improving,data analysis of public health emergencies.It is found that the government has problems in the process of emergency management,such as the imperfect risk early warning monitoring system,the weak operability of emergency management plan,the lack of joint defense and linkage ability of government departments,and the inadequate popularization of public health knowledge.It also analyzes and finds the causes of such problems as the lack of risk monitoring and early warning technology,the lack of professional evaluation of emergency management,the poor coordination ability of government departments,and the inflexibility of publicity methods and carriers;This paper sorts out and analyzes the government emergency management of public health emergencies in more advanced regions at home and abroad,and summarizes its experience and enlightenment;On this basis,it puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions,that is,to improve the risk early warning and monitoring system,improve the imperfect problem of the risk early warning and monitoring system of Heilongjiang Province government by improving the risk monitoring and evaluation system,establishing and improving the monitoring and early warning mechanism,and paying attention to the timely disclosure of information;Strengthen the operability of the emergency plan,and improve the weak operability of the emergency management plan by adjusting the framework of the emergency plan system,evaluating and optimizing the emergency management plan,and carrying out emergency drills throughout the society;Improve the coordination ability among departments,and improve the lack of joint defense and linkage ability of government departments by clarifying the power and responsibility distribution of each department,establishing the grass-roots joint defense and control mechanism,and improving the laws and regulations of joint defense and linkage;Consolidate the achievements of public health prevention and control,and improve the inadequate popularization of public health knowledge by strengthening the emergency knowledge training of personnel,establishing and improving the post-treatment mechanism,and strengthening international cooperation and exchange. |
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