Research On Rural Multi-Dimensional Hollowing In Baiquan County And Its Governance Countermeasures

The three basic elements in the field of agricultural productivity are land,population(labor force)and capital.Since the 1990 s,there has been a gradual outflow of three rural factors in China,resulting in the hollowing crisis of villages characterized by sparse population,abandoned land and insufficient power of economic development.The problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers have become more and more serious,which has become the main obstacle to optimizing the allocation of urban and rural land resources and coordinating the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.Among them,the loss of rural population and the idleness of village homestead in the black soil area of Northeast China are more serious,and the rural area as a whole presents an unbalanced development state of "less people,more land and poor economy".Therefore,from the comprehensive perspective of rural regional system,an accurate analysis of the degree and spatial pattern of rural hollowing in the black soil area of Northeast China is conducive to formulating hollowing remediation strategies,providing basis for improving land use efficiency,improving the production and living conditions of local residents,and providing reference for promoting the strategy of rural revitalization in the county.This paper takes Baiquan County,a typical county in the black soil area of Northeast China,as the research area,with the goal of regulating rural hollowing,improving the utilization level of rural resources and promoting rural revitalization.Firstly,based on the three-dimensional hollowing characteristics of land population economy,this paper constructs a multi-dimensional measurement system of rural hollowing out at the village scale,quantitatively analyzes the multi-dimensional hollowing characteristics of rural areas by using Arc GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis methods.And then it introduces the coupling coordination degree model,measures the internal coupling and coordination degree of hollowing in different dimensions,and finally puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the rectification of rural hollowing on the basis of the previous analysis.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Multi dimensional hollowing characteristics of rural areas in Baiquan County.The phenomenon of rural hollowing in Baiquan County is widespread and high.According to the measurement,the average values of land,population,economy and comprehensive hollowing index are 0.49,0.50,0.62 and 0.58 respectively.There are great differences in the degree of hollowing out among villages,and they all show a random distribution state,with uneven spatial distribution.At the level of hollowing out level,hollowing out in all dimensions is the median area,with the largest number of villages,followed by high-value areas and the least low-value areas.The proportion of administrative villages in population hollowing high-value area(0.56-0.78),median area(0.41-0.55)and low-value area(less than 0.41)is 32.26%,50.00% and 17.74% respectively.The proportion of administrative villages in land hollowing high-value area(0.56-0.78),median area(0.42-0.55)and low-value area(0.16-0.41)is 30.65%,41.40% and 27.96% respectively.The proportion of economic hollowing high-value area(0.66-0.82),median area(0.52-0.65)The proportion of administrative villages in low value areas(0.29-0.51)is 30.11%,54.84% and 15.05%respectively.(2)Influencing factors of rural hollowing in Baiquan County.From the aspects of geological and geomorphic conditions,village location conditions,land resource endowment,public service facilities and village functions,the influencing factors are selected for regression analysis.The results show that the distance from the village to the highway,the per capita cultivated land area and the degree of rural hollowing have a significant negative correlation,and the per household homestead area has a positive correlation with the degree of rural hollowing.(3)Internal synergy of rural hollowing in Baiquan County.It is found that the hollowing of "population land economy" in Baiquan County belongs to low-level collaborative evolution;There are obvious differences in the coordination state between population,land and economic hollowing.Among them,the hollowing of "population land" belongs to low coordination,with the worst synergy.The degree of land hollowing is generally lower than that of population hollowing.The lack of idle homestead management and the widespread phenomenon of "elderly Homestead" are important reasons for the serious imbalance of human land relationship in Baiquan County.(4)Countermeasures of rural hollowing in Baiquan County.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of rural hollowing out and the internal coordination relationship,in order to systematically build the coupling pattern of rural population,land,economy and other factors,realize the effective utilization and optimal allocation of resources,effectively rectify rural hollowing out and promote rural revitalization,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: implement zoning rectification according to the degree of rural multidimensional hollowing out and internal coordination,and carry out targeted governance for special villages according to local conditions;Improve the rural homestead withdrawal system,the collective natural resource asset revitalization system and the farmland circulation and scale management system to provide institutional guarantee for the hollow governance of rural areas;Accelerate industrial transformation and development,actively adjust the rural industrial structure and development mode,cultivate new business entities,and provide an economic basis for hollow governance;Optimize population management,improve the population management policy system,and provide guarantee for hollow governance subjects.