On The Teaching Of The Definite Adverbs “Zhi”“Jiu”“Dan”“Guang” In International Chinese Teaching

The definite adverb is an important part of speech in the scope adverb,and it is also an important and difficult point in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.In the commentaries of tools and domestic textbooks,the words "Zhi","Jiu","Dan" and "Guang" have the same meaning and are used similarly.There are some translations between them,which makes foreign students easily make mistakes in the acquisition process.On the basis of the existing research,the author discusses the four aspects from three aspects: ontology research,error analysis and teaching design.In the first chapter of this paper,the author inspects the settings of the four words in the International Standards for Chinese Language Education and several foreign Chinese classroom teaching materials adopted by domestic universities,and finds that the four words are not paid enough attention to and arranged in the new standards and textbooks.Based on the previous research results,this paper summarizes the grammatical functions of the four from three levels of syntax,semantics and pragmatics:Syntactically,it mainly summarizes the syntactic features of the four,and points out that the biggest difference among the four is that only and "Jiu" can limit quantitative components,while "Guang" and "Dan" can not;Semantically,all of them have [+restrictiveness,+ uniqueness,+ exclusiveness],among which "Zhi" and "Jiu" have [+subjective small quantity],while "Dan" and "Guang" do not have this semantic feature;Pragmatically,"Zhi" is the most widely used,followed by "Jiu","Guang" is often used in negative context and colloquial color,and "Dan" is used less frequently.On the basis of the ontology research,this paper counts and analyzes the data related to "Zhi","Jiu","Dan" and "Guang" in HSK dynamic composition corpus and global interlanguage corpus.Through the collection and analysis of the data,the errors are divided into four categories: omission,redun "Dan" cy,missubstitution and misorder.Then these four types of errors are subdivided from the perspective of syntax,semantics and pragmatics.By analyzing the error data,the setting of teaching materials and the differences between Chinese "Zhi" and Japanese and English,this paper discusses the causes of the errors,and concludes that the main causes of the above four types of errors are the unreasonable compilation of teaching materials,the negative transfer of mother tongue and the negative transfer of target language knowledge.According to the causes of the errors of the definite adverbs "Zhi","Jiu","Dan" and "Guang",the author gives some teaching suggestions,such as teaching according to the characteristics of errors,adopting situational teaching method and comparative method,and setting up a variety of exercises.Finally,to sum up,according to the four commonly used and error-prone areas of teaching design,hoping to be able to finite adverb only on single light teaching to provide some reference suggestions.