Analysis Of Shen In Zhengmeng

Modern interpretations of Zhang Zai are influenced by the dichotomy framework of materialism and idealism in the last century,forming a confrontation represented by Mou Zongsan’s transcendental interpretation and Zhang Dainian’s materialist interpretation,the former is influenced by Christian monotheism and transcendental metaphysics to understand Shen as a noumenon,the latter completely ignores the content of Zhang Zai’s theory of mind and moral philosophy,and the research of later generations lacks fundamental breakthroughs due to the influence of the two.Starting from the reflection on Mou Zongsan’s Shenti theory,this essay continues Fabian Heubel ’s idea of borrowing Adorno aesthetics to study Zhang Zai and Wang Fuzhi,and explores a way to reconcile non-transcendental ontological positions with moral philosophy by interpreting Shen as the driving force of multiple dialectical movements that interact between Tian and Ren.This essay begins with a review of the meaning and logic of the concept of Shen by Zhang Zai,and divides the use of the Shen in Zhengmeng into four categories: Shen in Tian,Gui Shen,Shen of Sheng and Shenhua,and makes systematic conceptual analysis.Secondly,the article reconstructs the process of Shenhua into multiple dialectical movements of Tiandao,Rendao,and the relationship between Tian and Ren,and believes that man can transcends his opposition to nature through Shen,so as to shift from the separation between Tian and Ren to the unity of Tian and Ren,and finally,with the participation of human beings,the Shen of nature realizes the great cycle of intentional and Liangyi at the moral level on the basis of the unintentional and Liangyi at the original factual level.The article further examines the argument of Shenti as a noumenon and the metaphysical problem in Zhang Zai’s philosophy,arguing that Shen embodies Zhang Zai’s unique understanding of metaphysics,that is,although the dialectical movement led by Shen is inseparable from the specific temporal and spatial environment and interpersonal relationship,it still contains the dimension of continuous transcendence of existing experience and moral pursuit,and the existence and validity of this transcendence is derived from empirical nature itself.Finally,this article returns to Mou Zongsan’s discussion of Zhang Zai’s Shenti,and attempts to respond to Mou Zongsan’s question about the possibility of Zhang Zai’s moral philosophy.The article criticizes Mou Zongsan’s interpretation of Shenti as the ontology of transcendence,which will inevitably lead to the inability to harmonize the “transcendence” and “immanence” he pursues,he ignores the dialectical connotation of the concept of Shen and the rich ideological resources in Zhang Zai’s Qi theory,clings to moral subjects,which leads to his abandonment of the cosmological part,so he cannot respond to Zhang Zai’s pursuit of unity of Tian and Ren and connection between the formed and the unformed;The article argues that the dialectical interpretation of Shen can provide a more creative answer to the question of moral foundation in Zhang Zai’s philosophy.