Study On The Livelihood Robustness Of Farmers In The Loess Plateau From The Perspective Of Geographical Location

Located in the middle of the Loess Plateau,Jia County is a typical ecologically fragile area.It is also a representative area of traditional agricultural production in China.Under the multiple disturbances of natural ecology and human activities,rural social economy and livelihood development of farmers are facing severe challenges.It is of great practical significance to analyze the stability of farmers’ livelihood and its influencing factors in jia County.It also provides a new perspective for the sustainable livelihood of farmers in similar areas under the guidance of "rural revitalization".Taking Jia County in northern Shaanxi province as a case,combining location theory and system robustness theory,this paper constructs a geographical location evaluation index system from three dimensions of natural conditions,traffic conditions and location conditions,and a robust livelihood evaluation index system from two dimensions of internal and external disturbance and buffering capacity,to analyze the geographical location conditions and the spatial distribution characteristics of livelihood robustness.On this basis,the combined statistics of the two levels are carried out,and the coupling coordination relationship between the two systems is analyzed by constructing coupling coordination model.Then stepwise regression and geographic detectors are used to identify the key factors affecting the robustness of farmers’ livelihoods.Finally,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to maintain the stable and sustainable livelihood of farmers in Jia County.The specific conclusions are as follows:(1)Spatial visualization of geographical location conditions and dimensions of sample villages,the distribution pattern is as follows:On the whole,the natural conditions of Jia County are high in the east and low in the west,high in the south and low in the north.The height traffic conditions values are mainly concentrated along provincial highways and yellow highways.The low value points are mainly distributed in the intersection area of main traffic lines in northeast and northwest.The agglomeration characteristics of location conditions in the east and central part of Jia County are obvious,by jia County county along the main traffic lines to the north and south extension.The high value points of geographical location are mainly concentrated in provincial highways and along the Yellow Road.Forming a high-value area centered on Jia County.(2)The robustness of farmers’ livelihood and its dimensions were analyzed by regional statistics and spatial visualization.From the statistical results:The buffering capacity of the northern sandstorm area is at a high level.The disturbance power and buffering capacity in the hilly and gully region of southwest China are in absolute disadvantage in two dimensions.In terms of the robustness of farmers’ livelihoods,Northern sandstorm area > Southeast mountainous areas along the Yellow River > Southwest hilly and gully region.In terms of spatial distribution:The disturbance dynamics of farmers’ livelihood system are mainly medium and high values,with cross distribution and not obvious spatial characteristics.The buffering ability index of farmers’ livelihood to deal with risks is mainly low and median,and the distribution is scattered widely.The overall robustness index of livelihood is not high.The high value points mainly concentrated in the north of the county and along the Yellow River in the middle and east of the county,forming a spatial distribution characteristic of "cluster + band".The median value concentrated in the southwest of the county,and dispersed in the north,while the low value points mostly distributed in the edge of the county.(3)Coupling coordination between geographical location conditions and livelihood robustness:The proportion of sample villages corresponding to the level of livelihood robustness accounted for more than 50% of the total number of sample villages.The coupling degree between the geographical location of most sample villages and the robustness of farmers’ livelihood is around 0.990.In all the sample villages,the two systems are in a high level coupling stage.The interaction between them is strong and stable.The coupling coordination degree between geographical location and livelihood robust system of sample villages is between 0.586 and 0.837.98.75% of the sample villages were at a higher level of coordination or above.The coupling coordination level is higher overall,The two systems are in the process of complementing each other and interacting.(4)The geographical location influencing factors of farmers’ livelihood robustness:The order of single-factor explanatory power is,time to the county > equivalent traffic density >elevation>Internal connectivity > relief of relief > external cohesion.Through factor interaction detection,it is found that the interaction among factors is enhanced interaction.Among the 15 interaction relationships,there are 4 pairs of double factor enhancement and 11 pairs of nonlinear enhancement.After each factor interacts with time to the county and quivalent traffic density,the enhancement effect of explanatory contribution is the most obvious.The specific indexes of two-factor enhancement focus on topographic relief,altitude,internal connectivity,and the explanatory contribution of the three factors was lower after the interaction of two factors.