| Objective(s):Adolescence is a very important period of development in life,and there will also be earth-shaking changes in thinking,cognition and emotion.In this period,teenagers’ thinking has gradually approached that of adults.Their emotional development is unstable,and they are prone to sensitive,impulsive,pessimistic and other emotions.In addition,they will face various social and life pressures at this stage.They are extremely prone to negative and pessimistic thoughts,and their susceptibility to depression will also increase.According to the previous related literature on the psychological health of adolescents,depression is an important factor affecting the psychological health of adolescents,and the detection rate of depression is increasing year by year,which has a serious impact on the psychological health of adolescents.Therefore,it is of practical significance to study the related factors of adolescent depression.This study aims to analyze the general self-efficacy,self-esteem,coping style The similarities and differences of aggressive psychological variables,explore the correlation and risk factors of adolescent depression,and then put forward suggestions for prevention and intervention of adolescent depression.Methods:A total of 300 depression adolescents aged 12-17 years were collected from a psychiatric hospital in January 2021,and 300 adolescents aged 12-17 years were collected from a middle school by random sampling.The two groups were evaluated with the general situation questionnaire,the general self-efficacy scale,the self-esteem scale,the coping style scale for middle school students,the aggressive behavior scale and the child depression scale,and screened according to the inclusion criteria.Finally,279 patients with depression were selected as the case group,280 healthy adolescents as the control group,and the child depression scale and its dimensions,the general self-efficacy scale,self-esteem,positive coping style and its dimensions were selected Negative coping style and its dimensions,aggression and its dimensions were compared between the two groups as psychological variables.The statistical software SPSS 25.0 is used to establish a database and conduct statistical analysis on the data.The intermediary effect analysis and path analysis are both conducted using AMOS24.0 software.Results:(1)A total of 279 case groups(depression group)and 280 control groups(healthy adolescents)were included in this study.There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender,age,nationality,family income,whether they were only children,parents’ age,parents’ education level,and residence(p>0.05).In the case group,the proportion of children with depression scale and its dimensions,negative coping style and its dimensions,aggression and its dimensions scores greater than or equal to the median was higher than that in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05);The proportion of people with self-esteem,general self-efficacy,positive coping style and their dimension scores less than the median was higher than that of the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05);The total score and its dimensions,negative coping style and its dimensions,aggression and its dimensions in the case group were higher than those in the control group;The general self-efficacy,self-esteem,positive coping style and their dimensions of the case group were lower than those of the control group.The test showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in the total score of aggression and verbal aggression,but there were significant differences in other psychological variables(p<0.01);In the case group,the proportion of male problem-solving dimension larger than the median was higher than that of female,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05).(2)In the multifactor logistic regression model,after controlling the confounding factors,we included the general self-efficacy,self-esteem,the total score of positive coping style,the total score of negative coping style,and the total score of aggression in the multifactor logistic regression model 1,which showed that the relationship between parents was harmonious(OR=.329,OR=.288,OR=.291,OR=.315),general self-efficacy(OR=.164,OR=.371,OR=.162,OR=.134,OR=.172),self-esteem(OR=.098)Positive coping style(OR=.130)is a protective factor;Negative coping style(OR=6.476)and aggressiveness(OR=4.844)were risk factors;In the multifactor logistic regression model 2,which includes three dimensions of positive coping style,four dimensions of negative coping style,and five dimensions of aggression,the problem-solving dimension of positive coping style(OR=.509),the dimension of seeking social support(OR=.649),and the reasonable explanation(OR=.169)are protective factors,while the escape dimension of negative coping style(OR=3.381),the dimension of venting emotion(OR=2.276),the dimension of endurance(OR=3.647)Anger dimension(OR=8.261)and hostility dimension(OR=9.153)of aggressive behavior are risk factors;No correlation was found in the rest.(3)Through the model analysis of the total population,it was found that general self-efficacy was a significant intermediary variable in self-esteem,positive coping style,aggressive anger dimension,hostility dimension and adolescent depression,and played an indirect role in 56.70%,30.43%,29.1% and 27.59%.Conclusion(s):(1)This study found that adolescents with depression had low general self-efficacy and self-esteem;The negative coping styles are low problem solving,seeking support,reasonable explanation,high tolerance,avoidance,fantasy and denial,and strong aggression.Among adolescent depression patients,men are more likely to adopt problem-solving coping style than women.(2)Logistic regression analysis showed that parental relationship,general self-efficacy,self-esteem,positive coping style,problem solving and reasonable explanation were protective factors of adolescent depression;The negative coping style and its escape,venting,patience,aggression,anger and hostility are the risk factors of adolescent depression.Therefore,in the process of teenagers’ growth,families,society and schools should strengthen the education of teenagers’ psychology to reduce the incidence of teenagers’ depression.(3)In adolescent depression,general self-efficacy is a significant intermediary variable in the influence of self-esteem,positive coping style,negative coping style and aggression on adolescent depression.This provides some clues for further exploring the mechanism of different factors affecting the occurrence of adolescent depression symptoms,and also provides the possibility for further detailed intervention measures. |
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