Research On The Influencing Factors Of Sedentary Behavior Among Scientific And Technological Workers And Its Correlation With Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the current status of sedentary behavior and CVD risk factors among science and technology workers,and to explore the factors influencing sedentary behavior among high-risk science and technology workers with CVD.On this basis,the associations between sedentary behavior and specific contexts of sedentary behavior and CVD risk factors were elaborated to provide a basis for cardiovascular health promotion activities in the occupational population.The aim is to reduce the burden of these prevalent symptoms and to inform the development of optimal intervention prescriptions and models for sedentary behavior in the prevention of CVD.Methods:1.Survey on the current status of cardiovascular disease risk and sedentary behavior among science and technology workersA survey on the current status of cardiovascular disease risk and sedentary behavior was conducted using questionnaires(general information questionnaire,International Physical Activity Short Form,etc.)and laboratory tests on 631 science and technology workers who met the criteria for nadir.The aim was to describe the level of sedentary behavior,explore the current status of CVRF and gender differences among the different occupational types of STWs.2.A mixed study of the factors influencing sedentary behavior among CVD-risk science and technology workersA total of 266 cases of CVD high-risk science and technology workers with complete health record information were selected as the study subjects by the purpose +convenience sampling method,and they were investigated by the General Information Questionnaire,the Occupational Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire,the International Short Physical Activity Questionnaire,the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale,the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Perception Assessment Tool,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale,the European Five Dimensions Health Scale,and the Walking Environment Scale for Chinese Urban Community Residents.The survey was conducted to investigate the quantitative factors influencing their sedentary behavior.Based on the COM-B theory,we designed an interview outline to explore the dilemmas of sedentary behavior change among technology workers at risk of CVD through a descriptive phenomenological study,and to provide a basis for the development of intervention measures.From those who had participated in the preliminary quantitative survey,sedentary science and technology workers with >8h of sedentary time were selected as interviewees for the qualitative study,and the sample size was until the information saturation,and 17 interviewees were finally included.3.Association of sedentary behavior with cardiovascular disease risk factorsFrom the first part of the study,631 science and technology workers with complete health index data were selected as the study population,and the present rates of CVD risk factors in different sedentary behavior groups were compared between groups using the Chi-square test,and the associations of sedentary behavior with CVD risk factors in general and in specific contexts were explored by logistic regression.Results:1.The current situation of sedentary behavior and CVD risk factors among science and technology workersThe total sedentary behavior time of science and technology workers was as high as10.66±2.827h/d,among which 106 cases(16.8%)were sedentary for <8h/d and 525cases(83.2%)were sedentary for >8h/d,among which the longest sedentary time was11.915(10-12.67)h/d for natural science researchers and 10.25(7.25-11.75)h/d for medical and health technicians.The detection rate of overweight/obesity was 40.6%,hypertension was 16.2%,diabetes was 11.6%,and dyslipidemia was 63.2% among science and technology workers;there were significant differences in the present rates of BMI,overweight/obesity,and dyslipidemia between men and women.The prevalence of BMI,overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia were significantly different between men and women,with the prevalence of BMI and overweight/obesity higher in men than in women,and the prevalence of dyslipidemia lower than in women.2.The results of the quantitative study on the factors influencing sedentary behavior of CVD high-risk technology workersThe results of the one-way group comparison showed that the differences in the nature of work,physical activity level,and perceived absolute risk of CVD among technology workers at risk for CVD were statistically significant(p < 0.05).The results of the generalized linear model showed that the total time spent on sedentary behavior was negatively correlated with the total score of walking environment(r=-0.173,p<0.05),and with landscaping and security(p<0.05),with correlation coefficients of-0.15 and-0.211,respectively.environment,physical activity level,exercise self-efficacy,job nature,sleep quality,and perceived level of CVD risk were the main influencing factors of sedentary behavior among technology workers at high risk of CVD(p < 0.05).3.Qualitative findings on the factors influencing sedentary behavior of CVD high-risk science and technology workersBased on the COM-B theoretical framework finally summarized three themes:personal competence dilemma(lack of professional knowledge,restricted physical activity),external opportunity dilemma(excessive workload,lack of social support,intimate relationship cultivation,socio-cultural environment constraints,inappropriate physical environment),and intrinsic motivation dilemma(lack of motivation for behavior change,The three themes and nine sub-themes were identified.4.Association of total sedentary behavior time with cardiovascular disease risk factors and their aggregationSingle-factor group comparisons showed significant differences(p < 0.05)between groups with different sedentary behavior time in elevated blood glucose,low HDL-C,high LDL-C,high TC,dyslipidemia,≥ 1 risk factor aggregation,≥ 2 risk factor aggregation,and ≥ 4 risk factor aggregation.After further correction for BMI and physical activity level,≥1 risk factor aggregation,≥2 risk factor aggregation,and ≥4risk factor aggregation were 2.318(1.325-4.056)times,1.786(1.126-2.832)times,and2.614(1.126-6.065)times more prevalent in the prolonged sedentary behavior group than in the short sedentary behavior group,respectively.1.126-6.065)times;diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were 3.334(1.302-8.539)and 1.914(1.210-3.026)times more frequent in the group with prolonged sedentary behavior than in the group with short sedentary behavior,with statistically significant differences(p < 0.05).5.Association of context-specific sedentary behavior with each CVD risk factor and their aggregation:The mean values of workplace,pre-screen recreation,pre-screen work,transportation,other leisure,and total sedentary time for STWs with CVRFs exposure outcomes were5.80±2.05h/d,2.84±1.47h/d,4.81±2.09h/d,0.75(0.5-1)h/d,1.36±0.85h/d,and 10.84±2.75h/d,all higher than the group of subjects with no CVD risk exposure outcome.After further correction for physical activity level and BMI,the results showed that the incidence of dyslipidemia in the long-term sedentary behavior group was 1.485(1.048-2.104)times higher than that in the short-term group;The long-term screen entertainment group had a1.625(1.019-2.592)times higher incidence of ≥ 1 risk factor aggregation compared to the short-term group;The incidence of dyslipidemia in the long-term entertainment and sedentary behavior group was 1.480(1.044-2.097)times higher than that in the shortterm group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Scientific and technological workers’ sedentary behavior is higher than that of the general population in China,and the detection rate of CVD risk factors is relatively high.Effective interventions should be taken to reduce their sedentary behavior.2.Quantitative research results indicate that mental labor,sleep disorders,poor accessibility to walking environments,underestimation of CVD risk perception,low sense of exercise self-efficacy,and low levels of physical activity are important factors for CVD high-risk scientific and technological workers to accumulate prolonged sitting time;Establishing a diversified social support system,popularizing the core concepts of sedentary behavior and related guidelines,improving individuals’ ability to perceive the risk of CVD onset,and stimulating motivation for sedentary behavior change are conducive to promoting high-risk CVD professionals to overcome the "sedentary behavior dilemma."3.The sedentary behavior of technology workers in front of screens and entertainment is closely related to CVRF and its aggregation,especially with dyslipidemia.Therefore,restricting the use of computers and mobile phones in leisure time is an effective strategy that should be prioritized in addition to exercise and healthy eating plans;However,this study has not found an association between occupational,leisure,Traffic and cardiovascular disease risk.