| Objective:By collecting,sorting out,summarizing and analyzing all the prescriptions for treating hematochezia in the Dictionary of Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine,this study summarizes the prescription and medication rules and compatibility characteristics of doctors in the past dynasties to provide data support for the clinical treatment of hematochezia today,and provide theoretical basis for the research and development of new Chinese medicine,so as to better inherit and carry forward the theory of treating hematochezia with traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:Collect 618 prescriptions for treating hematochezia in the Dictionary of Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine,select 519 prescriptions for inclusion in the database by setting inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,and input the prescription information into Microsoft Excel 2016 in order of serial number,prescription name,prescription source,dynasty,drug composition,usage and indications to establish a complete database,and standardize the dynasty information into four stages: Tang and pre-Tang period,Song,Jin and Yuan period,Ming and Qing period and modern period.The names of traditional Chinese medicines are standardized with reference to the 2020 edition of People’s Republic of China(PRC)Pharmacopoeia,the 14 th Five-Year Textbook of Chinese Medicine,the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica.After the establishment of the database,the prescription data were entered into the software of "Auxiliary Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance2.5" according to four historical stages,and the data were analyzed by the software in terms of drug frequency,tropism of nature and taste,drug use mode,association rules,core drug composition and new prescriptions.Results:There were 22 prescriptions and 54 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines in the Tang and pre-Tang periods.The top ten Chinese medicines were Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch,Colla Corii Asini,Zingiberis Rhizoma,Radix Rehmanniae,Scutellariae Radix,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Cortex Cinnamomi,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Atractylodis Rhizoma and Dipsaci Radix.The drugs used are mainly cold,warm and flat,the five flavors are mainly sweet,bitter and pungent,and the meridian tropism is mainly spleen and liver.Commonly used drug pairs are donkey-hide gelatin-dried ginger,donkey-hide gelatin-licorice,and rehmannia glutinosa-licorice;Six core drug combinations and three new prescriptions can be obtained through the analysis of new prescriptions.During the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,there were 284 prescriptions and 288 kinds of Chinese medicines.The top ten Chinese medicines were Angelica sinensis,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Fructus Aurantii,Radix Astragali,Coptidis Rhizoma,Sophora japonica,Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Zingiberis Rhizoma and Sanguisorba officinalis.The main drugs used were warm,cold and mild,the five flavors were sweet,bitter and pungent,and the meridian tropism was spleen and liver.Commonly used drug pairs are Astragalus-Angelica,Glycyrrhiza-Angelica and Angelica-Paeonia lactiflora;24 core drug combinations and 12 new prescriptions can be obtained through the analysis of new prescriptions.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there were 190 prescriptions and 232 kinds of Chinese medicines.The top ten Chinese medicines were angelica sinensis,coptis chinensis,licorice,radix rehmanniae,scutellaria baicalensis,Paeonia lactiflora,Sophora japonica,Sanguisorba officinalis,Fructus Aurantii and Platycladus orientalis.The main drugs used were cold,warm and flat,the five flavors were bitter,sweet and pungent,and the meridian tropism was spleen and liver.Commonly used drug pairs are Glycyrrhiza-Angelica,Radix Rehmanniae-Angelica and Scutellariae Radix-Radix Rehmanniae;16 core drug combinations and 8 new prescriptions can be obtained through the analysis of new prescriptions.There are 23 prescriptions and 93 kinds of Chinese medicines in modern times.The top ten Chinese medicines are Angelica sinensis,Coptidis Rhizoma,Colla Corii Asini,Scutellaria baicalensis,Sanguisorba charcoal,Sophora japonica,Rehmannia glutinosa,Sophora japonica,Schizonepeta japonica and rhubarb.The main drugs used are cold,warm and flat,the five flavors are bitter,sweet and pungent,and the meridian tropism is mainly liver and spleen.Commonly used drug pairs are Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi-Angelica sinensis,Angelica sinensis-Sanguisorba charcoal and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi-Coptidis Rhizoma;Two core drug combinations and one new prescription can be obtained through the analysis of new prescription.There are 519 prescriptions for treating hematochezia in the past dynasties,and there are 404 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines.The top ten Chinese medicines are angelica,licorice,coptis root,dried rehmannia root,bitter orange,scutellaria root,white peony root,Sophora flower,Sanguisorba root and astragalus root.The main drugs used are cold,warm and flat,the five flavors are bitter,sweet and pungent,and the meridian tropism is spleen and liver.Commonly used drug pairs are licorice-angelica,angelica-radix paeoniae alba and radix rehmanniae-angelica;22 core drug combinations and 11 new prescriptions can be obtained through the analysis of new prescriptions.Conclusion:1.During the Tang Dynasty and before the Tang Dynasty,doctors mainly treated hematochezia by tonifying qi and blood,supplemented by heat-clearing drugs and drugs for warming the interior,which mainly embodied the methods of warming and clearing up;2.During the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,doctors still treated hematochezia mainly by tonifying deficiency,warming interior and clearing heat,and at the same time increased the frequency of using hemostatic drugs and qi-regulating drugs.Therefore,in this period,doctors mainly treated hematochezia by supplementing qi and enriching blood,warming the middle warmer and strengthening the spleen,promoting blood circulation and promoting qi circulation,clearing heat and drying dampness,and cooling blood to stop bleeding;3.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,doctors greatly increased the use of heat-clearing drugs and hemostatic drugs in the treatment of hematochezia,and correspondingly reduced the use of drugs for warming the interior.Therefore,in this period,doctors mainly treated hematochezia by clearing heat and drying dampness,cooling blood to stop bleeding,strengthening spleen and promoting qi circulation;4.In modern times,physicians have increased the use of exterior-relieving drugs and purgative drugs in the treatment of hematochezia,and at the same time,physicians have paid more attention to the hemostatic effect of carbon drugs;5.Physicians in past dynasties used both cold and warm drugs in the treatment of hematochezia,and the drugs were mixed with bitterness and sweetness,and most of them entered the spleen and liver meridians.Most of them are tonic drugs and heat-clearing drugs,and the treatment methods are mainly spleen and qi,blood and blood circulation,qi circulation and pain relief,heat-clearing and dampness-drying,blood cooling and hemostasis,warming yang and dispelling cold. |
