| ObjectiveBased on Vroom’s career motivation theory and Leon Festinger’s social comparison theory,this study investigated the current situation of the elderly nursing employment intention and career motivation of male nursing students in Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province,and analyzed the influencing factors of the elderly nursing employment intention and career motivation of male nursing students in Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province;To construct the structural equation model of male nursing students’ elderly nursing career choice motivation,and to explore the path and mechanism of influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific theoretical basis for Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province to formulate intervention strategies to improve male nursing students’ elderly nursing career choice motivation.MethodIn this study,710 male nursing students in Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province were selected as the research objects.They were investigated by using the general social demographic characteristics questionnaire,the elderly service employment willingness questionnaire,the elderly nursing career choice motivation questionnaire,the elderly medical attitude scale,the occupational identity questionnaire and the empathy scale.The statistical software SPSS 23.0 was used to process the data,and the frequency and percentage were used to describe the demographic data of male nursing students in Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province;Independent sample t-test and oneway ANOVA were used to compare the elderly nursing career motivation of male nursing students with different socio demographic characteristics,and the variables with statistical significance were compared;Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of boys’ elderly nursing career choice motivation;With the help of Amos 24.0 software,a structural equation model was constructed to analyze the mechanism of influencing factors of male nursing students’ elderly nursing career choice motivation.Result1.Current situation of employment intention and motivation of male nursing students in Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province: the proportion of male nursing students in this group willing to engage in elderly nursing work is 70.42%,which is at the upper middle level.The total score of elderly nursing career choice motivation was(68.28±12.21).Among them,the score of motivation value questionnaire was(47.71±8.39),and the score of motivation expectation questionnaire was(20.57±4.45).The average scores of each dimension of the career choice motivation value questionnaire:interest(3.69±0.79),practicality(3.57±0.78),cost(3.17±0.90)and importance(3.00±0.78).2.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences among male aged nursing students in different family locations,family annual income,internship hospital level,whether they were close to the elderly,whether they had been taken care of by the elderly during their growth,whether they had the experience of taking care of the elderly,whether they were optimistic about the development prospect of aged nursing,and whether they knew the "1+X(elderly care)" certificate system(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that male nursing students’ elderly medical attitude was positively correlated with their elderly nursing career choice motivation(r=0.359,P<0.001);There was a positive correlation between male nursing students’ professional identity and elderly nursing career motivation(r=0.565,P<0.001);There was a positive correlation between male nursing students’ empathy and elderly nursing career motivation(r=0.429,P<0.001).3.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that: family location,intimate relationship with the elderly,experience of caring for the elderly,whether they had been cared for by the elderly during their growth,understanding of the "1+X(elderly care)" certificate system,professional identity and empathy were the important influencing factors of male nursing students’ elderly nursing career motivation.These factors can jointly explain 43.1% of the variation of boys’ elderly nursing career choice motivation.4.The results of structural equation model analysis show that there are two paths for professional identity to affect the elderly nursing career choice motivation: professional identity-elderly nursing career choice motivation,professional identity-empathy-elderly nursing career choice motivation.There is a path for the role of empathy in the elderly nursing career choice motivation: empathy-the elderly nursing career choice motivation.Professional identity(P<0.001)and empathy(P<0.001)had a direct impact on male nursing students’ elderly nursing career motivation.Professional identity indirectly affects male nursing students’ career choice motivation through empathy.Empathy played a mediating role in career identity and career choice motivation of elderly nursing,and it was part of the mediating role.The mediating effect value was 0.073.Conclusion1.The employment intention and motivation of senior vocational male nursing students in Shandong Province are above the middle level.2.The influencing factors of career choice motivation of male nursing students in Higher Vocational Colleges in Shandong Province are family location,whether they have a close relationship with the elderly,whether they have been taken care of by the elderly during their growth,whether they have the experience of taking care of the elderly,whether they are optimistic about the development prospect of elderly nursing,whether they understand the "1+X(elderly care)" certificate system,annual family income,the level of internship hospital Geriatric medical attitude,professional identity,empathy.3.The higher the scores of male nursing students’ elderly medical attitude,professional identity and empathy,the higher the level of their elderly nursing career motivation.4.The structural equation model shows that professional identity and empathy can directly and positively predict male nursing students’ elderly nursing career motivation,and professional identity can indirectly predict male nursing students’ elderly nursing related motivation through empathy.It is suggested that educators should pay attention to the professional identity and empathy of male nursing students,and improve their career choice motivation. |
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